Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Apr 1994
Case Reports[Treatment of cancer pain with continuous opioid via spinal catheters].
Continuous intrathecal morphine treatment of cancer pain is reviewed on the basis of a literature search. Clinical, pharmacological and technical aspects are described, and the indications and potential complications are discussed. Three case histories illustrate the practical conduct and problems. The authors conclude that continuous intrathecal morphine treatment offers significant therapeutical advantages, when pain relief is not provided by conventional methods.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Post-operative pain relief in children following caudal bupivacaine and buprenorphine--a comparative study.
Eighty-five paediatric patients (age range: 6 mths-12yrs) undergoing lower abdominal surgery were studied for post-operative pain relief following either caudal bupivacaine (GpI: n = 43) or buprenorphine (GpII: n = 42). Bupivacaine was administered as 0.5ml/kg body weight of 0.25% solution and buprenorphine as 4 micrograms/ml and volume of 0.5 ml/Kg body weight in normal saline. Post-operatively pain was graded on a 4-point scale and behaviour on a 5-point scale. ⋯ Bupivacaine provided good pain relief in the early post-operative hours but buprenorphine provided pain relief lasting for 24 hrs or more post-operatively. Post-operative behaviour of 10 patients receiving buprenorphine was graded as cheerful as compared to 2 from bupivacaine group. Till the end of observation period (i.e. 8 hr post-operatively), majority of patients receiving buprenorphine remained cheerful.
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Studies have shown that patients often experience suboptimal analgesia in the postoperative period. In the past decade, a number of advances have been made to improve patient comfort after undergoing surgery. ⋯ However, new methods and routes of administration, including patient-controlled analgesia and epidural and intrathecal drug administration, are currently being used. These modalities, when used appropriately, provide better analgesia, often with fewer side effects than when opiates are given by the traditional intramuscular route.