Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Belg · Jan 1986
Patient-controlled analgesia with piritramid for the treatment of postoperative pain.
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA, intravenous self-application of narcotics) was studied during the early postoperative period. Subjects were 40 ASA I-III patients recovering from elective major and minor surgery (20 each having undergone abdominal or orthopedic operations). Whenever the patients required pain relief, piritramid demand doses of 2.0 mg were given via the hand-button of a microprocessor-controlled injection pump (On-Demand Analgesia Computer, ODAC). ⋯ Side effects (sweating, nausea, emesis) occurred in about 20% but were usually of minor intensity. No serious circulatory or respiratory problems were observed during the PCA period. Patient-controlled analgesia is discussed as a promising concept for the treatment of acute pain and for clinical pain research.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patient-controlled postoperative analgesia with alfentanil. Adaptive, on-demand intravenous alfentanil or pethidine compared double-blind for postoperative pain.
A double-blind study comparing alfentanil and pethidine given intravenously by an adaptive, patient-controlled on-demand analgesic system is described. It was demonstrated that, despite its well-known rapid onset of effect, alfentanil took several hours to achieve good quality analgesia. ⋯ Alfentanil was associated with significantly less sedation during the postoperative period than pethidine, and was also associated with a significantly greater urine output during the 24-hour period of study. There was no evidence of tolerance or accumulation with either of the two drugs.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction. Narcotic analgesics and other antianginal drugs. The MIAMI Trial Research Group.
The effect of metoprolol on chest pain has been assessed in terms of the duration and the use of narcotic analgesics, nitrates and calcium-channel blockers. Fewer metoprolol-treated patients in the MIAMI trial were given narcotic analgesics (49% of the placebo patients vs 44% of the metoprolol patients, p less than 0.001), nitrates (55% vs 53%, p = 0.10) and calcium-channel blockers (12% vs 9%, p less than 0.001). A total number of 6,697 dose equivalents of narcotic analgesics were given to the placebo group compared with 5,493 dose equivalents to the metoprolol group, a difference of 18% (p less than 0.001). ⋯ A multivariate analysis disclosed that site of suspected infarction, delay time, entry systolic blood pressure and metoprolol treatment all had a significant effect on the use of narcotic analgesics. There was a nonsignificant tendency for heart rate to be of importance. In the placebo group the use of narcotic analgesics increased with decreasing delay time and increasing systolic blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Double-blind placebo-controlled comparison of dezocine and morphine for post-operative pain relief.
Dezocine, a new mixed agonist-antagonist-type opioid analgesic, was compared in a double-blind trial with placebo and 10 mg of morphine in 190 patients with acute postoperative pain. The medications were given intramuscularly. Dezocine was administered at three dose levels (5, 10, and 15 mg). ⋯ Side effects were few with no significant differences between the treatment groups. Seventy-nine per cent of the patients in the dezocine 15 mg group, and 73, 68, 58 and 50 per cent respectively, of the patients in the dezocine 10 mg, dezocine 5 mg, morphine 10 mg and placebo group had a satisfactory clinical response. Significantly (p less than 0.05) more patients in the groups receiving dezocine 10 and 15 mg than in the placebo group had a satisfactory clinical response; the difference was not significant for the dezocine 5 mg and morphine 10 mg groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)