Articles: opioid-analgesics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Pain management after ambulatory surgery: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blinded parallel controlled trial comparing nalbuphine and tramadol.
Postoperative pain in ambulatory surgery is a multifactorial issue affecting patient satisfaction, time of discharge, and rehospitalization. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine for the treatment of postoperative pain after ambulatory surgery, relative to tramadol. ⋯ Nalbuphine can provide effective and safe pain relief in patients after ambulatory surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized Clinical Trial of IV Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to IV Hydromorphone for Acute Severe Pain in Emergency Department Patients.
A fundamental challenge for emergency department (ED) clinicians is to relieve severe, acute pain while simultaneously avoiding adverse events associated with opioid analgesics. Because there is evidence that intravenous (IV) acetaminophen is an effective adjuvant analgesic in postoperative settings, we examined whether it also has a role in the ED. ⋯ The addition of 1 g of IV acetaminophen to 1 mg of IV hydromorphone provided neither clinically meaningful nor statistically superior analgesia than hydromorphone alone.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialOpioid tapering after spine surgery: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Patients are often prescribed opioids at discharge from hospital following surgery. Several studies have shown that a large number of patients do not taper off but continue to use opioids after surgery. Tapering plans and follow-up after discharge may reduce opioid consumption. ⋯ Our study is expected to provide valuable information on opioid tapering after surgery in patients with preoperative opioid use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preemptive analgesia with a single low dose of intrathecal morphine in multilevel posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.
Patients undergoing lumbar spinal surgery may experience considerable pain in the early postoperative period, and poor pain control after multilevel lumbar spinal fusion surgery is frequently associated with multiple complications and delayed discharge from hospital. ⋯ Preemptive analgesia with ITM results in significantly improved early postoperative pain control and decreased postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia consumption, with no increase in adverse effects.
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Molecular psychiatry · Jul 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialOpioid system modulation with buprenorphine/samidorphan combination for major depressive disorder: two randomized controlled studies.
The endogenous opioid system is thought to play an important role in the regulation of mood. Buprenorphine/samidorphan (BUP/SAM) combination is an investigational opioid system modulator for adjunctive treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). To confirm results from early studies, we report the efficacy and safety of BUP/SAM as adjunctive treatment in patients with MDD and an inadequate response to antidepressant therapy (ADT) in FORWARD-4 and FORWARD-5: two phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies that utilized the same sequential parallel-comparison design. ⋯ The most common AEs, occurring in ≥5% of patients in the BUP/SAM 2 mg/2 mg treatment group, which was more frequently than the placebo group, included nausea, constipation, dizziness, vomiting, somnolence, fatigue, and sedation. There was minimal evidence of abuse, and no evidence of dependence or opioid withdrawal by AEs or objective measures. This report describes adjunctive BUP/SAM 2 mg/2 mg combination, a therapy with a novel opioidergic mechanism of action, as a potential new treatment option for patients with MDD who have an inadequate response to currently available ADT.