Articles: analgesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Clonidine-induced analgesia in postoperative patients: epidural versus intramuscular administration.
To compare the analgesic efficacy and plasma concentration of intramuscular (IM) versus epidural (EP) clonidine, 20 patients recovering from orthopedic or perineal surgery were randomly divided into two groups of ten. Clonidine (2 micrograms/kg) was administered epidurally in group 1 and intramuscularly in group 2. Analgesia was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) over a period of 6 h following clonidine administration. ⋯ Hypotension, bradycardia, and drowsiness occurred with both methods of administration. None of these effects required treatment. Thus, in postoperative patients clonidine produces similar analgesia and side effects after parenteral or EP administration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Analgesia following extradural and i.m. pethidine in post-caesarean section patients.
The onset, quality and duration of analgesia following extradural pethidine 50 mg and i.m. pethidine 100 mg was assessed in 30 postoperative patients who had undergone Caesarean section under extradural anaesthesia. Saline and pethidine were given in a randomized, double-blind fashion using simultaneous extradural and i.m. injections. Extradural pethidine provided superior analgesia, of quicker onset but similar duration, and both treatments were associated with a low incidence of side effects.
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Regional anesthesia · Mar 1990
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparative effects of subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine and tetracaine-procaine for cesarean delivery.
Hyperbaric solutions of 0.75% bupivacaine (8.25% dextrose), and 1% tetracaine mixed with an equal volume of 10% procaine were compared in a double-blind study of 22 parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery and spinal anesthesia. The onset of sensory anesthesia and motor block was similar in the two groups. The maximal level of sensory anesthesia to pinprick was significantly higher after the use of the tetracaine-procaine mixture. ⋯ The incidence of hypotension was higher in those patients receiving the tetracaine-procaine mixture as indicated by the use of significantly higher total doses of ephedrine to maintain baseline blood pressure in this group. No differences in Apgar scores or blood gases were noted between the two groups of patients. This study suggests that hyperbaric 0.75% bupivacaine offers certain advantages over hyperbaric tetracaine-procaine when used in equal volumes for spinal anesthesia cesarean delivery.
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Twelve patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy received as analgesic medication a single dose of methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) preoperatively and thoracic epidural analgesia with plain bupivacaine for 48 hours + epidural morphine 4 mg and systemic indomethacin 100 mg, both every 8 hours for 96 hours. Assessments of pain, various parameters of response to injury, peak flow and subjective fatigue were made preoperatively, before and 3 and 6 hours after skin incision and 1, 2, 4 and 8 days postoperatively. ⋯ There were no side effects. These results may be explained by inhibition of various trauma-induced inflammatory mediators.