Articles: hypertriglyceridemia.
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The metabolic syndrome is a common disorder characterized by central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia (including the combination of hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and a preponderance of small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles). In this manuscript, we review the pathogenesis and significance of dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome, the role of nonpharmacologic therapy with therapeutic lifestyle changes, and drug therapies, including statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, and omega-3 fatty acids or fish oils, alone or in drug combinations, to improve lipids and reduce the chance of subsequent cardiovascular disease events.
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Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2005
Review Case ReportsDiabetic lipemia with eruptive xanthomatosis in a lean young female with apolipoprotein E4/4.
Eruptive xanthomas in adults are usually indicative of chylomicronemia. Although diabetes mellitus is the most common secondary cause of chylomicronemia, which is designated as diabetic lipemia, the clinical characteristics of diabetes with regard to development of xanthomas are not well defined. In this paper, we describe a young female who displayed eruptive xanthomas as an initial manifestation of diabetic lipemia. ⋯ The apolipoprotein E phenotype was E4/4, which is known to be associated with type V hyperlipoproteinemia. Hypoadiponectinemia of 1.7 microg/ml was also revealed, which may, in part, account for the insulin resistance and decreased LPL activity. In conclusion, the clustering of apolipoprotein E4/4 and hypoadiponectinemia, in addition to insulin resistance and poor glycemic control, might have resulted in hypertriglyceridemia with eruptive xanthomatosis in this subject.