Articles: adult.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of Combined Varenicline With Nicotine Patch and of Extended Treatment Duration on Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Smoking cessation medications are routinely used in health care. Research suggests that combining varenicline with the nicotine patch, extending the duration of varenicline treatment, or both, may increase cessation effectiveness. ⋯ Among adults smoking 5 cigarettes/d or more, there were no significant differences in 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 52 weeks among those treated with combined varenicline plus nicotine patch therapy vs varenicline monotherapy, or among those treated for 24 weeks vs 12 weeks. These findings do not support the use of combined therapy or of extended treatment duration.
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J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. · Jul 2021
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyBaricitinib in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: Results from a randomized monotherapy phase 3 trial in the United States and Canada (BREEZE-AD5).
Baricitinib, an oral selective Janus kinase 1/Janus kinase 2 inhibitor, is being studied for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults. ⋯ Baricitinib was efficacious for patients with moderate-to-severe AD with no new safety findings over 16 weeks.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
HIV viral exposure and mortality in a multicenter ambulatory HIV adult cohort, United States, 1995-2016.
The aim of this study was to identify viral exposure (VE) measures and their relationship to mortality risk among persons with HIV. Prospective multicenter observational study to compare VE formulae. Eligible participants initiated first combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) between March 1, 1995 and June 30, 2015. ⋯ In univariate models, each measure of VE was significantly associated with mortality risk, as were older age, public insurance, injection drug use HIV risk history, and lower pre-cART CD4. Based on model fit, most recent viral load and %PY >200 copies/mL provided the best combination of VE factors to predict mortality, although all VE combinations evaluated performed well. The combination of most recent VL and %PY >200 copies/mL best predicted mortality, although all evaluated VE measures performed well.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effects of Intravenous Eptinezumab vs Placebo on Headache Pain and Most Bothersome Symptom When Initiated During a Migraine Attack: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Intravenous eptinezumab, an anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibody, is approved for migraine prevention in adults. It has established onset of preventive efficacy on day 1 after infusion. ⋯ Among patients eligible for preventive migraine therapy experiencing a moderate to severe migraine attack, treatment with intravenous eptinezumab vs placebo shortened time to headache and symptom resolution. Feasibility of administering eptinezumab treatment during a migraine attack and comparison with alternative treatments remain to be established.
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Multicenter Study
Diagnostic accuracy of combined WBC, ANC and CRP in adult emergency department patients suspected of acute appendicitis.
To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) of normal total white blood cell count (WBC) and normal absolute neutrophil count (ANC) combined with a normal proprietary C-reactive protein (pCRP) level in adult emergency department (ED) patients with abdominal pain suspected of possible acute appendicitis. ⋯ The combination of normal WBC and ANC with normal pCRP levels exhibited high sensitivity and negative predictive value for acute appendicitis in this prospective adult patient cohort. Confirmation and validation of these findings with further study using commercially available CRP assays is needed.