Articles: adult.
-
Falls are the most common cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in older adults. ⋯ Multifactorial and exercise interventions were associated with reduced falls in multiple good-quality trials. Exercise demonstrated the most consistent statistically significant benefit across multiple fall-related outcomes.
-
Critical care medicine · Jul 2024
Meta AnalysisAntipsychotics in the Treatment of Delirium in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing whether the use of antipsychotic medications in critically ill adult patients with delirium impacts patient-important outcomes. ⋯ In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated with moderate certainty that there is no difference in delirium- or coma-free days when delirious critically ill adults are treated with antipsychotic medications. Further studies in the subset of patients with hyperactive delirium may be of benefit.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2024
Meta AnalysisRisk Factors for Postanesthetic Emergence Delirium in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Emergence delirium (ED) is delirium that occurs during or immediately after emergence from general anesthesia or sedation. Effective pharmacological treatments for ED are lacking, so preventive measures should be taken to minimize the risk of ED. However, the risk factors for ED in adults are unclear. ⋯ Postoperative risk factors were indwelling urinary catheters, the presence of a tracheal tube in the postanesthetic care unit or intensive care unit, the presence of a nasogastric tube, and pain. Knowledge of these risk factors may guide the implementation of stratified management and timely interventions for patients at high risk of ED. The majority of studies included in this review investigated only hyperactive ED and further research is required to determine risk factors for hypoactive and mixed ED types.
-
When considering factors that may impact chronic pain experiences in adulthood, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and anxiety should be considered. The literature on the associations between these 3 variables remains unclear. ⋯ There was an unmet need to summarize the existing literature on the relationship between ACEs and anxiety on chronic pain experience in adults and the association between ACEs and anxiety. The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that both ACEs and anxiety influenced chronic pain experience in adults and helped to inform the diverse literature on these potential relationships to date.
-
Critical care medicine · Jul 2024
Meta AnalysisThe Efficacy of Low-Titer Group O Whole Blood Compared With Component Therapy in Civilian Trauma Patients: A Meta-Analysis.
To assess if transfusion with low-titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) is associated with improved early and/or late survival compared with component blood product therapy (CT) in bleeding trauma patients. ⋯ These data suggest hemostatic resuscitation with LTOWB compared with CT improves early and late survival outcomes in bleeding civilian trauma patients. The majority of subjects were injured adults; multicenter randomized controlled studies in injured adults and children are underway to confirm these findings.