Articles: adult.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Road traffic injuries in Baghdad from 2003 to 2014: results of a randomised household cluster survey.
Around 50 million people are killed or left disabled on the world's roads each year; most are in middle-income cities. In addition to this background risk, Baghdad has been plagued by decades of insecurity that undermine injury prevention strategies. This study aimed to determine death and disability and household consequences of road traffic injuries (RTIs) in postinvasion Baghdad. ⋯ RTIs were extremely common and have increased in Baghdad. Young adults, pedestrians, motorcyclists and bicyclists were the most frequently injured or killed by RTCs. There is a large burden of road injury, and the families of road injury victims suffered considerably from lost wages, often resulting in household food insecurity. Ongoing conflict may worsen RTI risk and undermine efforts to reduce road traffic death and disability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Single rescuer ventilation using a bag-valve mask with internal handle: a randomized crossover trial.
To compare tidal volume received during single rescuer ventilation with a modified bag-valve mask (BVM) with integrated internal handle vs standard BVM among healthy volunteers using a manikin model. ⋯ The modified BVM with integrated internal handle results in greater mean received tidal volume compared with standard BVM during single rescuer ventilation in a manikin model. This modified BVM design may prove a useful airway adjunct for ventilation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the human papillomavirus 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in women older than 25 years: 7-year follow-up of the phase 3, double-blind, randomised controlled VIVIANE study.
Although the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is greatest in young women, women older than 25 years remain at risk. We present data from the VIVIANE study of the HPV 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in adult women after 7 years of follow-up. ⋯ GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of Chlorhexidine Bathing Every Other Day on Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections in the Surgical ICU: A Single-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial.
To test the hypothesis that compared with daily soap and water bathing, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate bathing every other day for up to 28 days decreases the risk of hospital-acquired catheter-associated urinary tract infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, incisional surgical site infection, and primary bloodstream infection in surgical ICU patients. ⋯ Compared with soap and water, chlorhexidine bathing every other day decreased the risk of acquiring infections by 44.5% in surgical ICU patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Inhaled corticosteroids increase blood neutrophil count by decreasing the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecules Mac-1 and L-selectin.
The objective was to investigate the effect of commonly used inhaled corticosteroids on white blood cell count (WBC) and to examine the mechanisms involved. ⋯ Glucocorticoid inhalation increases WBC by increasing ANC. Reduced neutrophil adhesion to the endothelial surface, mediated by decreased adhesion molecule expression on neutrophils, is a plausible mechanism. Physicians should be aware of the effect of inhaled corticosteroids on WBC, as it may influence clinical decisions, especially in the emergency department.