Articles: dapsone.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
International open trial of uniform multidrug therapy regimen for leprosy patients: Findings & implications for national leprosy programmes.
Uniform therapy for all leprosy patients will simplify leprosy treatment. In this context, we evaluated six-month multidrug therapy (MDT) currently recommended for multibacillary (MB) patients as uniform MDT (U-MDT) in a single-arm open trial under programme conditions. Primary objective was to determine efficacy to prevent five-year cumulative five per cent relapse. Secondary objectives were to assess acceptability, safety and compliance. ⋯ We observed low relapse, minimal ADR and other adverse clinical events. Clofazimine-related pigmentation was acceptable. Evidence supports introduction of U-MDT in national leprosy programmes. [CTRI No: 2012/ 05/ 002696].
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Protective efficacy and safety of three antimalarial regimens for intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine at times of vaccination-intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi)-is a promising strategy to prevent malaria. However, rising resistance to this combination is a concern. We investigated a shortacting and longacting antimalarial drug as alternative regimens for IPTi. ⋯ IPTi Consortium and the Gates Malaria Partnership.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Atovaquone compared with dapsone for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with HIV infection who cannot tolerate trimethoprim, sulfonamides, or both. Community Program for Clinical Research on AIDS and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
Although trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the drug of choice for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, many patients cannot tolerate it and must switch to an alternative agent. ⋯ Among patients who cannot tolerate trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, atovaquone and dapsone are similarly effective for the prevention of P. carinii pneumonia. Our results support the continuation of dapsone prophylaxis among patients who are already receiving it. However, among those not receiving dapsone, atovaquone is better tolerated and may be the preferred choice for prophylaxis against P. carinii pneumonia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of three regimens for treatment of mild to moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. A double-blind, randomized, trial of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone-trimethoprim, and clindamycin-primaquine. ACTG 108 Study Group.
To compare the tolerability and efficacy of three oral regimens for the treatment of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ⋯ The rates of dose-limiting toxicity, therapeutic failure, and survival did not differ among patients with AIDS who were receiving oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone-trimethoprim, or clindamycin-primaquine for mild to moderate P. carinii pneumonia. However, the limited sample size prevents the unequivocal demonstration of the equality of these three regimens. Differences in expected categories of toxicities associated with each regimen should guide the clinician in choosing first-line therapy, particularly for patients with baseline hepatic insufficiency or myelosuppression.