Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Expert Opin Biol Ther · May 2018
ReviewTreating childhood traumatic brain injury with autologous stem cell therapy.
Neonatal traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of developmental disorders. Autologous stem cell therapy may enhance neonatal brain plasticity towards repair of the injured neonatal brain. ⋯ Combination treatments, such as with hypothermia, may enhance the therapeutic effects of stem cells. Stem cell therapy has immense potential as a stand-alone or adjunctive therapy for treating neuroinflammation associated with neonatal TBI acutely and for preventing further progression of the injury.
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Review Meta Analysis
Intracranial Hypertension and Cerebral Autoregulation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
To present a systematic review and meta-analysis to establish the relation between cerebral autoregulation (CA) and intracranial hypertension. ⋯ A clear tendency toward CA impairment was observed in patients with increased ICP.
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This article revises the recent evidence on ICU admission criteria for acute neurological patients [traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, postoperative neurosurgical procedures and stroke]. ⋯ Currently evidence do not allow to define standardized protocol to guide ICU admission for acute neurological patients (TBI patients, postoperative neurosurgical procedures and stroke).
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Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. · Apr 2018
ReviewPathophysiology and Management of Intracranial Hypertension and Tissular Brain Hypoxia After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Integrative Approach.
Monitoring intracranial pressure in comatose patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered necessary by most experts. Acute intracranial hypertension (IHT), when severe and sustained, is a life-threatening complication that demands emergency treatment. ⋯ In such cases, adding other monitoring modalities can alert clinicians when the patient is in a state of energy failure. This article reviews the mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of IHT and brain hypoxia after TBI, emphasizing the need to develop a physiologically integrative approach to the management of these complex situations.
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The aim of this review is to summarize the recent studies looking at the effects of anemia and red blood cell transfusion in critically-ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), describe the transfusion practice variations observed worldwide, and outline the ongoing trials evaluating restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategies for TBI. ⋯ Currently, there is insufficient evidence to make strong recommendations regarding which hemoglobin threshold to use as a transfusion trigger in critically-ill patients with TBI. There is also uncertainty whether the restrictive transfusion strategy used in general critical care can be extrapolated to acutely brain injured patients. Ultimately, the consequences of anemia-induced cerebral injury need to be weighed up against the risks and complications associated with red blood cell transfusion.