Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Dec 2023
ReviewReducing the incidence and mortality of traumatic brain injury in Latin America.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a considerable portion of the global injury burden. The incidence of TBI will continue to increase in view of an increase in population density, an aging population, and the increased use of motor vehicles, motorcycles, and bicycles. The most common causes of TBI are falls and road traffic injuries. ⋯ Data from HIC indicates that road traffic injuries can be successfully prevented through concerted efforts at the national level, with coordinated and multisector responses to the problem. Such actions require implementation of proven measures to address the safety of road users and the vehicles themselves, road infrastructure, and post-crash care. In this review, we focus on the epidemiology of TBI in Latin America and the implementation of solutions and preventive measures to decrease mortality and long-term disability.
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Considering the disproportionate burden of delayed traumatic brain injury (TBI) management in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is pressing demand for investigations. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate factors delaying the continuum of care for the management of TBIs in LMICs. ⋯ Several factors, both before and during hospitalization contribute to delays in the management of TBIs in LMICs. Strategically addressing these factors can help overcome delays and improve TBI management in LMICs.
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Frequent neurological examinations in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) disrupt sleep-wake cycles and potentially contribute to the development of delirium. ⋯ Patients with more frequent neuro-checks had a higher risk of developing delirium compared with those with less frequent neuro-checks.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Dec 2023
Predicting traumatic brain injury outcomes using a posterior dominant rhythm.
Predicting severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) outcomes is challenging, and existing models have limited applicability to individual patients. This study aimed to identify metrics that could predict recovery following sTBI. The researchers strived to demonstrate that a posterior dominant rhythm on electroencephalography is strongly associated with positive outcomes and to develop a novel machine learning-based model that accurately forecasts the return of consciousness. ⋯ A PDR on EEG in sTBI patients predicts favorable outcomes. The authors' prognostic model has strong accuracy in predicting these outcomes, and performed better than previously reported models. The authors' model can be valuable in clinical decision-making as well as counseling families following these types of injuries.
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Emerg Med Australas · Dec 2023
Increased distance or time from a major trauma centre in South Australia is not associated with worse outcomes after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.
Considerations in traumatic brain injury (TBI) management include time to critical interventions and neurosurgical care, which can be influenced by the geographical location of injury. In Australia, these distances can be vast with varying degrees of first-responder experience. The present study aimed to evaluate the association that distance and/or time to a major trauma centre (MTC) had on patient outcomes with moderate to severe TBI. ⋯ Our analysis revealed that increasing distance or time from injury site to a MTC for patients with moderate to severe TBI was not significantly associated with adverse patient outcomes.