Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
-
Journal of neurotrauma · Aug 2023
ReviewThe Role of Substance P within Traumatic Brain Injury and Implications for Therapy.
This review examines the role of the neuropeptide substance P within the neuroinflammation that follows traumatic brain injury. It examines it in reference to its preferential receptor, the neurokinin-1 receptor, and explores the evidence for antagonism of this receptor in traumatic brain injury with therapeutic intent. Expression of substance P increases following traumatic brain injury. ⋯ In several animal models of TBI, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonism has been shown to reduce brain edema and the resultant rise in intracranial pressure. A brief overview of the history of substance P is presented, alongside an exploration into the chemistry of the neuropeptide with a relevance to its functions within the central nervous system. This review summarizes the scientific and clinical rationale for substance P antagonism as a promising therapy for human TBI.
-
To date, the research on the prognosis of the neuropsychological function of patients with post-traumatic seizure (PTE) is sparse. This study aimed to systematically map the literature's extent, range, and characteristics regarding PTE and neuropsychological impairments. ⋯ The results of this review suggest that patients with PTE may have neuropsychological function impairments. More attention needs to be paid to older patients and those with higher brain injury and seizure severity. Additional investigation is necessary to determine the clinical characteristics of TBI and PTE and elucidate the relations between PTE and specific neuropsychological domains.
-
To identify the distributions of and extent of variability among 3 new sets of postdischarge quality-metrics measured within 30/90/365 days designed to better account for the unique health needs of older trauma patients: mortality (expansion of the current in-hospital standard), readmission (marker of health-system performance and care coordination), and patients' average number of healthy days at home (marker of patient functional status). ⋯ The use of new postdischarge quality-metrics provides a more complete picture of older adult trauma care: 1 with greater room for improvement and better reflection of multiple aspects of quality important to the health and recovery of older trauma patients when compared with reliance on quality benchmarking based on in-hospital mortality alone.