Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy for acute subdural hematoma: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Acute subdural hematoma (SDH) is a major cause of morbidity after severe traumatic brain injury. Surgical evacuation of the hematoma, either via craniotomy or craniectomy, is the mainstay of treatment in patients with progressive neurologic deficits or significant mass effect. However, the decision to perform either procedure remains controversial. ⋯ The safety and efficacy of craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy in treatment of acute SDH remain controversial. In this study, craniectomy was associated with worse clinical presentation and postoperative outcome compared with craniotomy. However, craniectomy was associated with lower rate of residual SDH after treatment.
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Eur J Phys Rehabil Med · Apr 2017
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A for upper limb spasticity after stroke or traumatic brain injury: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.
Muscle spasticity is a positive symptom after stroke and traumatic brain injury. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injection is widely used for treating post stroke and traumatic brain injury spasticity. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of BoNT-A for upper limb spasticity after stroke and traumatic brain injury and investigate reliability and conclusiveness of available evidence for BoNT-A intervention. ⋯ As compared with placebo, BoNT-A injections have beneficial effects with improved muscle tone and well-tolerated treatment for patients with upper limb spasticity post stroke or traumatic brain injury.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 2017
Review Meta AnalysisPredictors of Outcome With Cerebral Autoregulation Monitoring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
To compare cerebral autoregulation indices as predictors of patient outcome and their dependence on duration of monitoring. ⋯ Three cerebral autoregulation indices, pressure reactivity index, mean velocity index based on cerebral perfusion pressure, and autoregulation reactivity index were the best outcome predictors for patients with traumatic brain injury. For patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, autoregulation reactivity index was the only cerebral autoregulation index predictor of Glasgow Outcome Scale. Continuous assessment of cerebral autoregulation predicted outcome better than intermittent monitoring.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 2017
Review Meta AnalysisMeta-Analysis of Therapeutic Hypothermia for Traumatic Brain Injury in Adult and Pediatric Patients.
Therapeutic hypothermia has been used to attenuate the effects of traumatic brain injuries. However, the required degree of hypothermia, length of its use, and its timing are uncertain. We undertook a comprehensive meta-analysis to quantify benefits of hypothermia therapy for traumatic brain injuries in adults and children by analyzing mortality rates, neurologic outcomes, and adverse effects. ⋯ Therapeutic hypothermia is likely a beneficial treatment following traumatic brain injuries in adults but cannot be recommended in children.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Apr 2017
Meta AnalysisUpdating Evidence for Using Hypothermia in Pediatric Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Conventional and Bayesian Meta-Analytic Perspectives.
To evaluate clinical trials of hypothermia management on outcome in pediatric patients with severe traumatic brain injury using conventional and Bayesian meta-analyses. ⋯ Conventional meta-analysis shows the null hypothesis-no difference between hypothermia versus normothermia on mortality and poor outcome-cannot be rejected. However, Bayesian meta-analysis shows chance of relative risk reduction of death greater than 20% with hypothermia versus normothermia is 1-in-3, which may be further altered by one's optimistic or skeptical belief about a patient.