Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Observational Study
The Outcome of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Latin America.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) disproportionately affects lower- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The factors influencing outcomes in LMIC have not been examined as rigorously as in higher-income countries. ⋯ Mortality from severe TBI is high in Latin American LMIC, although the rate of favorable recovery is similar to that of high-income countries. Demographic factors such as race and study site played an outsized role in predicting outcome; further research is required to understand these associations.
-
Operation brain trauma therapy (OBTT) is a multi-center, pre-clinical drug and biomarker screening consortium for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Therapies are screened across three rat models (parasagittal fluid percussion injury, controlled cortical impact [CCI], and penetrating ballistic-like brain injury). Operation brain trauma therapy seeks to define therapies that show efficacy across models that should have the best chance in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and/or to define model-dependent therapeutic effects, including TBI protein biomarker responses, to guide precision medicine-based clinical trials in targeted pathologies. ⋯ Critically, glial fibrillary acidic protein levels predicted treatment effects. Operation brain trauma therapy suggests that levetiracetam merits additional pre-clinical and clinical evaluation and that glibenclamide and amantadine merit testing in specific TBI phenotypes. Operation brain trauma therapy has established that rigorous, multi-center consortia could revolutionize TBI therapy and biomarker development.
-
Clinical rehabilitation · Feb 2018
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyOccurrence and predictive factors of heterotopic ossification in severe acquired brain injured patients during rehabilitation stay: cross-sectional survey.
To report occurrence and identify patient's features and risk factors of heterotopic ossifications in patients with severe acquired brain injury in intensive rehabilitation centres. ⋯ Occurrence of heterotopic ossifications is frequent in patients with severe traumatic and non-traumatic brain-injury in rehabilitation centres. Our study confirms male gender, young age, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, spasticity, longer duration of coma and ventilation and longer interval between brain injury onset and admission to rehabilitation centre as possible risk factors. Further studies are necessary to investigate the role of early appropriate rehabilitation pathways to reduce occurrence of heterotopic ossifications.
-
Multicenter Study
How early can we perform cranioplasty for traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniectomy? A retrospective multi-center study.
Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is used to treat intractable intracranial hypertension after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Cranioplasty (CP) is typically performed weeks or months later. However, the optimal timing for CP is unknown. We aimed to determine the earliest possible time point for CP. ⋯ CP can be performed at around 34 days after DC for TBI. Ventriculomegaly occurred less frequently and the 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale score was better in the early CP group than in the late CP group.
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Feb 2018
Multicenter Study Observational StudyEmployment Stability in Veterans and Service Members With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Veterans Administration Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.
To examine incidence and predictors of employment stability in veterans and military service members with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who return to work. ⋯ A number of unique factors affect employment stability in veterans and military service members with TBI. Study findings identify veterans and military service members who have stable employment and predictors of employment stability.