Articles: traumatic-brain-injuries.
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This study was to investigate the role of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in the pleiotropic neuroprotective effect of progesterone (PROG) on traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ PROG reduced cerebral edema, apoptosis, inflammatory reaction, and intracellular calcium ion overload effects after TBI. These beneficial effects were not seen in the Nrf2-/- mouse model of TBI. The results from this study suggested that the Nrf2/ARE signal pathway may be involved in the pleiotropic neuroprotective effect of PROG on TBI.
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Case Reports
DTI tractography detecting isolated oculomotor nerve damage after brain traumatic injury.
A 24-year-old woman was hit by a bus and suffered an isolated complete oculomotor nerve palsy. Computed tomography scan did not show a skull base fracture. ⋯ Diffusion tensor imaging fiber tractography confirmed a sharp arrest of the left oculomotor nerve. This recent imaging technique could be of interest to assess white fiber damage and help make a diagnosis or prognosis.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) constitutes a critical public health and socioeconomic problem. As one of the leading causes of mortality and disability from road traffic crashes, the incidence of TBIs is increasing with increasing motor vehicle usage. Understanding the prevalence and describing the characteristics of TBI are crucial for successful implementation of prevention and treatment efforts to reduce the mortality and morbidity caused by TBIs. ⋯ This preliminary analysis highlights the need to address road safety, especially with respect to helmet use and drink driving, to reduce the burden of TBIs in Bandung.
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AJOB empirical bioethics · Apr 2017
Does experience matter? Implications for community consultation for research in emergency settings.
Community consultation (CC) is required for research in emergency settings using an exception from informed consent (EFIC) in the United States, but uncertainty persists regarding best CC practices. There is ongoing debate about whom to include in CC, specifically, whether to prioritize geographically defined communities or individuals with connections to the condition. Understanding the impact of personal disease experience on views of EFIC research is important for designing CC and interpreting its results. ⋯ Personal TBI experience was associated with increased acceptance of EFIC research for that condition, except among black participants. Heterogeneity of the effect of personal disease experience on EFIC views further supports inclusion of individuals with relevant disease experience in CC and highlights the importance of engaging minority participants.
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The aim of this study was to determine whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy causes attenuation of traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced depression-like behavior and its associated anti-neuroinflammatory effects after fluid percussion injury. ⋯ Our results suggest that HBO treatment may ameliorate TBI-induced depression-like behavior in rats by attenuating neuroinflammation, representing one possible mechanism by which depression-like behavior recovery might occur. We also recommend HBO as a potential treatment for TBI-induced depression-like behavior if early intervention is possible.