Articles: disease.
-
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2020
ReviewCoronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Surgical treatment of coronary artery disease in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients has not been comprehensively addressed. The present review aimed to give an overview of coronary artery disease in the SLE patients receiving coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study materials were based on comprehensive literature retrieval, which recruited 17 pertinent articles with 30 patients. ⋯ The lack of vasculitis and atherosclerosis in the arterial grafts encourage surgeons to prefer to use the arterial grafts in SLE patients. Less invasive surgical technique would favour the patients in terms of long-term outcomes. Key Words: Coronary artery bypass grafting, Graft occlusion, Vascular, Systemic lupus erythematosus.
-
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak · Sep 2020
Case ReportsKikuchi-Fujimoto Diseasae: An Important Differential of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, also called necrotising histiocytic lymphadenitis, is a rare disease of usually benign outcome. A case of a 21-year female is reported here. She presented with high grade fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. ⋯ Of significant note, two of patient's siblings were treated for pulmonary TB, because of which she had strong history of direct TB contact. Although a few cases of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease have been reported in Pakistan, this is first case being reported in setting of very strong positive history of TB contact. Key Words: Lymphadenitis, Tuberculosis, Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease.
-
There is growing concern that racial and ethnic minority communities around the world are experiencing a disproportionate burden of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated racial and ethnic disparities in patterns of COVID-19 testing (i.e., who received testing and who tested positive) and subsequent mortality in the largest integrated healthcare system in the United States. ⋯ In this nationwide study, we found that Black and Hispanic individuals are experiencing an excess burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection not entirely explained by underlying medical conditions or where they live or receive care. There is an urgent need to proactively tailor strategies to contain and prevent further outbreaks in racial and ethnic minority communities.
-
It is unclear whether the effect on mortality of a higher body mass index (BMI) can be compensated for by adherence to a healthy diet and whether the effect on mortality by a low adherence to a healthy diet can be compensated for by a normal weight. We aimed to evaluate the associations of BMI combined with adherence to a Mediterranean-like diet on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. ⋯ These findings suggest that diet quality modifies the association between BMI and all-cause mortality in women and men. A healthy diet may, however, not completely counter higher CVD mortality related to obesity.
-
A decade of Boko Haram insurgency brought conflict, mass displacement, and the destruction of basic infrastructure to Northeast Nigeria. Over 2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) suffering from lack of basic hygienic conditions, malnutrition, and disease live in camps or are hosted by communities in the region, where the conflict has contributed to a massive destruction of health facilities. Infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are especially difficult to address under such conditions, and IDPs are vulnerable to both. Although international investment supports some health interventions among IDPs, locally sourced solutions are lacking. ⋯ In this study, we observed a burden of TB in IDP populations of Northeast Nigeria many times higher than national rates and HIV rates higher than state level estimates. The impact of the intervention showed that ACF can greatly increase TB case notifications. Engaging IDP communities, local governments, and civil society organizations is essential to ensuring the success of interventions targeting TB and HIV, and such approaches can provide sustained solutions to these and other health crises among vulnerable populations.