Articles: disease.
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The Journal of pediatrics · May 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialClinical trial of vitamin A as adjuvant treatment for lower respiratory tract infections.
To test the efficacy of a high dose of vitamin A as adjuvant treatment for radiographically confirmed cases of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI). ⋯ Treatment with high doses of vitamin A over and above standard care for infants and children with non-measles-related ALRI is not efficacious for the current episode. Additional trials among populations in which vitamin A deficiency is more prevalent and severe should be considered.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Intra-vas deferens bupivacaine for prevention of acute pain and chronic discomfort after vasectomy.
We have studied the use of intra-vas deferens local anaesthesia in 70 patients undergoing vasectomy as day-case patients. Patients were allocated randomly to either a control or treatment group. In the treatment group, 0.5% bupivacaine 1 ml or 0.9% saline 1 ml was injected into the lumen of the right or left vas deferens in a randomized blinded design. ⋯ One year after the procedure a second questionnaire was sent out asking about the presence or absence of chronic testicular discomfort, its duration and any surgical intervention required to relieve it. There were no differences between the control group and the saline side of the treatment group in VAS scores on both day 1 and day 7 after operation or in the incidence and duration of chronic testicular discomfort (mean 30 (SD 53) and 34 (50) days, respectively). The VAS scores were, however, significantly less (P < 0.005) and testicular discomfort was absent on the bupivacaine-treated side.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Neutralizing pH of lidocaine reduces pain during Norplant system insertion procedure.
The acidity of lidocaine used as a local anesthetic during the insertion of Norplant System capsules can cause patient discomfort. Buffering lidocaine with sodium bicarbonate significantly reduced pain scores reported by 46 women who participated in this randomized, double-blind study. Derived from a pain scale of 1 to 10, the mean difference in reported pain scores with and without buffering was 1.17 (P = 0.0098) with women using themselves as controls, for an average reduction in pain of 29%. Because this added step minimized patient discomfort, it might make the Norplant System a more attractive option for women apprehensive about insertion pain.
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Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. · May 1995
Clinical TrialUltrasonographically guided transvaginal aspiration of tuboovarian abscesses and pyosalpinges: an optional treatment for acute pelvic inflammatory disease.
Our purpose was to assess the value of ultrasonographically guided transvaginal aspiration of tuboovarian abscesses and pyosalpinges presenting with the clinical picture of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. ⋯ Ultrasonographically guided transvaginal aspiration of pyosalpinges and tuboovarian abscesses is an effective, simple, and safe treatment. It avoided the need for laparoscopy or laparotomy.
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Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol · May 1995
Routine voluntary antenatal anti-HIV screening in Bangkok, Thailand.
The following recommendations are made as a result of this study. 1. Routine voluntary screening for HIV infection in all pregnant women is feasible and worthwhile. 2. Every seropositive result should be repeated for confirmation before coming to a definitive conclusion to avoid a misdiagnosis. 3. ⋯ Special or anonymous clinics may create an atmosphere of uneasy feelings among the women who could be made to feel alienated and discriminated against. (iv) P--Provision of care. Comprehensive services must be available. These include an experienced counselling team, adequate laboratory services, services for safe first and second trimester therapeutic abortions, appropriate facility in the delivery suite (including Caesarean section) for infected cases, and dedicated paediatricians.