Articles: disease.
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Studies have found that exclusive breastfeeding can not only promote the growth and development of infants, but also increase the emotional communication between mothers and infants, and reduce the incidence of maternal breast diseases. To analysis the current situation and influencing factors of breastfeeding twins. A total of 420 twin mothers delivered in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected to investigate the situation of breastfeeding within 6 months after delivery. ⋯ Logistic regression analysis showed that age, education level, nipple depression or flat, breast tenderness, postpartum depression, breast milk volume, health education training during pregnancy, husband support for breastfeeding, PSSS score, infant diarrhea, lactose intolerance, and delectation were the influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding (P < .001). Our findings suggest that various factors were associated with a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding in twin births, such as age, educational level, and social support. Corresponding measures should be formulated for intervention to promote exclusive breastfeeding.
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Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most prescribed and widely used medications; however, the long-term effects of these medications are only beginning to be investigated. Since the introduction of omeprazole in 1989, PPIs have become the first-choice treatment for esophagitis, peptic ulcer disease, Zoster-Ellison syndrome, dyspepsia, and the prevention of ulcers with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Recent studies have specifically examined the rise in celiac disease (CD) in this context. ⋯ Recent studies have suggested that the rise in CD could be attributed to changes in the gut microbiome, highlighting the significant role that gut microbiota is proposed to play in CD pathogenesis. Although PPI therapy is helpful in reducing acid production in gastroesophageal disorders, additional information is needed to determine whether PPIs are still an appropriate treatment option with the possibility of developing CD in the future, particularly in the context of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 predispositions. This review emphasizes the importance of personalized medicine for individuals with gastroesophageal disorders that require long-term use of PPIs.
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Violence is a serious public health problem and its repetitive character points to a chronic phenomenon and its insertion in the daily lives of victims. To identify the frequency of repeat violence reported in adults in a Brazilian state and its association with the characteristics of the victim, the aggressor, and the aggression. This is an epidemiological cross-sectional study conducted with data from the notifications of violence recorded in the Notifiable Diseases Information System in Espírito Santo, Brazil from 2011 to 2018. ⋯ Repeat violence showed high frequency among notifications and was associated with characteristics of the victim, aggressor, and event. The results point to a phenomenon present in the daily life of communities that is potentially capable of negatively impacting the different areas of the subjects lives. Studies on the subject are important to understand the phenomenon and implement strategic actions to confront it.
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Transdermal tulobuterol, a long-acting beta agonist in a transdermal form, is available in some countries, including Japan, Korea, and China. It may provide an alternative treatment option for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients who are unable to effectively use inhalers, such as those with acute stroke. This study examined the short-term outcomes of transdermal tulobuterol in patients hospitalized with acute stroke and underlying COPD. ⋯ Transdermal tulobuterol was not associated with improving short-term outcomes in patients with acute stroke and underlying COPD. Our study does not support the routine use of transdermal tulobuterol in this patient group. However, further research investigating the long-term efficacy of transdermal tulobuterol in patients with stroke and underlying COPD could help establish its role for the management of these patients.
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To explore the causal pathways associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and pesticide exposure using a directed acyclic graph (DAG) analysis and to investigate the potential benefits of DAG by comparing it with logistic regression. This cross-sectional study enrolled 1368 participants from April 2015 to May 2017. Trained research investigators interviewed farmers using a self-administered questionnaire. ⋯ Specifically, age, meal frequency, and consumption of fresh fruit, according to the DAG analysis, are independent factors for CHD. High pesticide exposure is a risk factor for CHD as indicated by both DAG and logistic regression analyses. DAG can be a preferable improvement over traditional regression methods to identify sources of bias and causal inference in observational studies, especially for complex research questions.