Articles: disease.
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Case Reports
Glioblastoma in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere with previous surgery for meningioma: A case report.
Meningioma and glioblastoma (GBM) are 2 common intracranial tumors with different pathophysiologies and prognoses. It is rare for these 2 kinds of tumors to occur in the same patient. Most of the similar cases reported in the literature have been treated with radiotherapy, while cases without radiotherapy are rare. In particular, GBM in the contralateral cerebral hemisphere after resection of meningioma has not been reported. ⋯ The development of GBM without radiotherapy after meningioma surgery is very rare, especially at different sites, and it is necessary to accumulate relevant cases to reveal the causes of the disease and provide more evidence for the treatment of similar patients in the future.
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Galectins are a family of endogenous mammalian lectins involved in pathogen recognition, killing, and facilitating the entry of microbial pathogens and parasites into the host. They are the intermediators that decipher glycan-containing information about the host immune cells and microbial structures to modulate signaling events that cause cellular proliferation, chemotaxis, cytokine secretion, and cell-to-cell communication. They have subgroups that take place in different roles in the immune system. The effect of galectin-8 on multiple sclerosis disease (MS) has been studied in the literature, but the results seemed unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine anti-galectin-8 (anti-Gal-8) levels in MS and their potential use as biomarkers. ⋯ This study examined anti-Gal-8 levels in MS patients. The relationship between MS and galectin-8 and anti-Gal-8 levels in patients needs further clarification. As a result, the study's results could help elucidate the pathogenesis of MS and give more evidence for diagnosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer's Disease.
The accumulation of soluble and insoluble aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) may initiate or potentiate pathologic processes in Alzheimer's disease. Lecanemab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity to Aβ soluble protofibrils, is being tested in persons with early Alzheimer's disease. ⋯ Lecanemab reduced markers of amyloid in early Alzheimer's disease and resulted in moderately less decline on measures of cognition and function than placebo at 18 months but was associated with adverse events. Longer trials are warranted to determine the efficacy and safety of lecanemab in early Alzheimer's disease. (Funded by Eisai and Biogen; Clarity AD ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03887455.).
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Esophageal adenocarcinoma develops when normal squamous epithelia are replaced by dysplastic intestinal columnar cells in response to chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In addition to squamous cell carcinoma, the two malignancies account for over 95% of esophageal malignancies. ⋯ Upon return to homeport, he was diagnosed with stage III gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. This case emphasizes the difficulty in identifying and diagnosing a rare and dangerous pathology in the resource-limited, operational environment.
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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), which is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and occurs in the immediately post-infectious period, has never-before been reported within the active duty population. It typically affects children, aged 5-13 years, but has been shown to affect those up to 20 years old. We present an 18-year-old active duty male that arrived at a military treatment facility emergency department with headache, neck pain, and shock without evidence of meningoencephalitis on cerebrospinal fluid analysis and with a negative COVID-19 test. ⋯ It is a rare but potentially fatal condition that has been shown to affect patients up to the age of 20, encompassing a large part of the junior enlisted population. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can lead to death, yet mimic other diseases leading to delay of care. Thus, it should be considered when faced with the appropriate constellation of symptoms.