Articles: disease.
-
Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Nov 2022
Relative superiority of the Lund-Malmö revised equation for glomerular filtration rate estimation in patients with end-stage renal disease not on dialysis among 23 equations.
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is an important indicator of renal function, and its precise measurement is essential for guiding clinical management. However, studies evaluating the performance of GFRestimation equations in undialyzed patients with end‑stage renal disease (ESRD) remain scarce. ⋯ Based on comparison of 23 equations, we recommend using the LMR equation, despite its large deviations, to estimate GFR in undialyzed patients with ESRD.
-
Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn. · Nov 2022
Neuropsychiatric manifestations and their attribution to SLE: a retrospective single-center study in the Polish population.
Neuropsychiatric (NP) manifestations occur in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and it is challenging to distinguish these manifestations from other neuropsychiatric conditions. ⋯ NP manifestations occurred mainly in young patients with high disease activity. Cerebrovascular disease, seizures, psychosis, cognitive dysfunction, and cranial neuropathy were the most frequent manifestations of NPSLE.
-
Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Nov 2022
ReviewDay 5 versus day 3 embryo biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/single gene defects.
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has allowed couples with a family history of a monogenic genetic disease, or a disease-carrying gene, to reduce the chance of them having a child with the genetic disorder. This is achieved by genetically testing the embryos using an advanced process called preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic or single gene disorders (PGT-M), such as Huntington's disease or cystic fibrosis. This current terminology (PGT-M) has replaced the formerly-known preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). During PGT-M, one or more embryo cells are biopsied and analysed for genetic or chromosomal anomalies before transferring the embryos to the endometrial cavity. Biopsy for PGT-M can be performed at day 3 of cleavage-stage embryo development when the embryo is at the six- to the eight-cell stage, with either one or two blastomeres being removed for analysis. Biopsy for PGT-M can also be performed on day 5 of the blastocyst stage of embryo development when the embryo has 80 to 100 cells, with five to six cells being removed for analysis. Day 5 biopsy has taken over from day 3 biopsy as the most widely-used biopsy technique; however, there is a lack of summarised evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that assesses the effectiveness and safety of day 5 biopsy compared to day 3 biopsy. Since biopsy is an invasive process, whether it is carried out at day 3 or day 5 of embryo development may have different impacts on further development, implantation, pregnancy, live birth and perinatal outcomes. ⋯ We are uncertain if there is a difference in live births and miscarriages, viable intrauterine pregnancies, ectopic pregnancies, stillbirths or termination of pregnancies between day 5 and day 3 embryo biopsy for PGT-M. There was insufficient evidence to draw any conclusions regarding other adverse outcomes. The results should be interpreted with caution, as the evidence was of very low certainty due to limited studies, high risk of bias in the included study, and an overall low level of precision.
-
Comparative Study
Lifting Universal Masking in Schools - Covid-19 Incidence among Students and Staff.
In February 2022, Massachusetts rescinded a statewide universal masking policy in public schools, and many Massachusetts school districts lifted masking requirements during the subsequent weeks. In the greater Boston area, only two school districts - the Boston and neighboring Chelsea districts - sustained masking requirements through June 2022. The staggered lifting of masking requirements provided an opportunity to examine the effect of universal masking policies on the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in schools. ⋯ Among school districts in the greater Boston area, the lifting of masking requirements was associated with an additional 44.9 Covid-19 cases per 1000 students and staff during the 15 weeks after the statewide masking policy was rescinded.