Articles: mass-screening.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Correlates of Patient Intent and Preference on Colorectal Cancer Screening.
Information is limited on patient characteristics that influence their preference among screening options and intent to be screened for colorectal cancer (CRC). A mechanistic pathway to intent and preference was examined through a formal mediation analysis. ⋯ Self-efficacy mediated the association between race, attitude, and test worries and patient intent.
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Journal of neurotrauma · Jan 2017
Multicenter StudyScreening for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in a Civilian Emergency Department Population with Traumatic Brain Injury.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). While the importance of PTSD and TBI among military personnel is widely recognized, there is less awareness of PTSD associated with civilian TBI. We examined the incidence and factors associated with PTSD 6 months post-injury in a civilian emergency department population using measures from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke TBI Common Data Elements Outcome Battery. ⋯ Screening positive for PTSD was significantly associated with concurrent functional disability, post-concussive and psychiatric symptomatology, decreased satisfaction with life, and decreased performance in visual processing and mental flexibility. Multi-variable regression showed injury mechanism of assault (odds ratio [OR] 3.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69-7.63; p = 0.001) and prior psychiatric history (OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.42-4.61; p = 0.002) remained significant predictors of screening positive for PTSD, while education (per year OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79-0.98; p = 0.021) was associated with decreased odds of PTSD. Standardized data collection and review of pre-injury education, psychiatric history, and injury mechanism during initial hospital presentation can aid in identifying patients with mTBI at risk for developing PTSD symptoms who may benefit from closer follow-up after initial injury care.
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Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis · Jan 2017
Multicenter StudyMulticenter study of the COPD-6 screening device: feasible for early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care?
Early detection of COPD may reduce the future burden of the disease. We aimed to investigate whether prescreening with a COPD-6 screening device (measuring FEV1 and FEV6) facilitates early detection of COPD in primary care. ⋯ Prescreening with the COPD-6 device showed acceptable specificity for the selection of subjects for diagnostic spirometry and is likely to be a useful alternative to current practice in primary care.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Performance of the Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medication, and Other Substance Use (TAPS) Tool for Substance Use Screening in Primary Care Patients.
Substance use, a leading cause of illness and death, is underidentified in medical practice. ⋯ National Institute on Drug Abuse.
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Arch Gerontol Geriatr · Nov 2016
Multicenter StudyMeasuring frailty in Dutch community-dwelling older people: Reference values of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI).
The objectives of this study were to provide reference values of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) for community-dwelling older people by age, sex, marital status, ethnicity, education, income, and residence, and examine the effects of these seven socio-demographic variables on frailty. ⋯ In conclusion, this study offers reference values of the TFI by socio-demographic characteristics and explains frailty using these characteristics. This information will support researchers, policymakers and health care professionals in interpreting scores of the TFI, which may guide their efforts to reduce frailty and its adverse outcomes.