Articles: mass-screening.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Preparing African-American men in community primary care practices to decide whether or not to have prostate cancer screening.
This study was a randomized trial to test the impact of an informed decision-making intervention on prostate cancer screening use. ⋯ Prostate cancer screening use may be influenced by exposure to decision education and the influence of screening-related primary care practice factors.
-
J Pain Symptom Manage · Jul 2005
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyWhich mini-mental state exam items can be used to screen for delirium and cognitive impairment?
Cognitive impairment is common in palliative care patients, but it is frequently undetected. The clinical consequence is that psychiatric states such as delirium, which often present with cognitive impairment, are inadequately treated. ⋯ Cases of cognitive impairment are considered indicated by an MMSE score of less than 24 of the total 30. We found that caseness could be fairly accurately screened by using four of the original 20 MMSE items, and that a six-item questionnaire further greatly improved the discrimination.
-
Preventive medicine · Jul 2005
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyCancer preventive screening: a cross-border comparison of United States and Canadian Chinese women.
To compare screening mammography and Pap testing among Chinese women in Seattle, Washington to Vancouver, and British Columbia. ⋯ Despite universal health care coverage and baseline characteristics typically associated with greater utilization of preventive screening services, Chinese women in Vancouver did not have higher rates of screening mammography and Pap testing compared to Chinese women in Seattle.
-
Preventive medicine · Jun 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialTesting a culturally appropriate, theory-based intervention to improve colorectal cancer screening among Native Hawaiians.
We tested an intervention based on social learning theory (SLT) to improve colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among Native Hawaiians, a group with low CRC screening rates. ⋯ For Native Hawaiian individuals belonging to a network of civic clubs, an intervention based on SLT delivered by a Native Hawaiian physician and CRC survivor was less effective at further increasing compliance than was a culturally targeted educational session delivered by a non-Hawaiian nurse. That CRC screening compliance was high prior to our intervention suggests that we targeted a very health conscious segment of the Native Hawaiian population. Future work should focus on underserved segments of this indigenous group.
-
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monographs · Jan 2005
Multicenter StudyBreast and cervical cancer screening: clinicians' views on health plan guidelines and implementation efforts.
Optimizing breast and cervical cancer screening rates within health plans requires clinician support for screening guidelines, an awareness of whether there are tools available and functioning to aid screening implementation, and a perception of collegial and leadership support for quality screening services. This study investigated clinicians' perceptions of guidelines, reminders for screening, and plan and practice commitment in order to assess where opportunities exist to improve the screening process. ⋯ Improvements in knowledge of systems that support guideline implementation varied, and action to ensure accurate perception of reminders, as well as consistent implementation of systems, may be important for improving screening rates and outcomes. Plan efforts and clinician efforts at the practice level are closely linked and need to be aligned to maximize screening rates. This requires plan and practice-level analyses of structures and processes that could be improved.