Articles: child.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Nissen fundoplication in children with and without neurological impairment: A prospective cohort study.
It is assumed that children with neurological impairment (NI) have inferior results after fundoplication compared to those without NI (non-NI). The aim of this study was to assess outcome after fundoplication in children with and without NI. ⋯ Early complications, GERD recurrence, and long-term parental satisfaction after fundoplication did not differ between NI and non-NI patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Tenofovir to Prevent Hepatitis B Transmission in Mothers with High Viral Load.
Few data are available regarding the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) during pregnancy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). ⋯ In a cohort of HBeAg-positive mothers with an HBV DNA level of more than 200,000 IU per milliliter during the third trimester, the rate of mother-to-child transmission was lower among those who received TDF therapy than among those who received usual care without antiviral therapy. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01488526.).
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Jun 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyScore for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II Predicts Outcome in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Patients.
Accurate and validated predictors of outcome for infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia are needed. Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II has been validated to predict mortality in newborns. We investigated whether Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II scores in congenital diaphragmatic hernia could predict mortality, need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (in patients born in a center with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation availability), and development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (oxygen dependency beyond 28 d after birth) in survivors. ⋯ The Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-II predicts not only mortality but also need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia patients. We, therefore, recommend to implement this simple and rapid scoring system in the evaluation of severity of illness in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and thereby have insight into the prognosis within 1 day after birth.
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Multicenter Study
Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on nutritional and immunologic status in HIV-infected children in the low-income country of Ethiopia.
HIV/AIDS and malnutrition combine to undermine the immunity of individuals and are inextricably interrelated. Although the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on growth in HIV-infected children is well known, the influence of prior nutritional and immunologic status on the response to HAART is not well documented. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of HAART on nutritional and immunological status in HIV-infected children in the low-income country of Ethiopia. ⋯ Despite the apparent growth response in HIV-infected children after initiation of HAART, moderate and severe underweight are both independent predictors of a positive shift. The latter suggests that children on HAART require nutritional supplementation, especially during the early initiation of HAART.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Factor VIII-Mimetic Function of Humanized Bispecific Antibody in Hemophilia A.
In patients with severe hemophilia A, standard treatment is regular prophylactic and episodic intravenous infusions of factor VIII. However, these treatments are burdensome, especially for children, and may lead to the formation of anti-factor VIII alloantibodies (factor VIII inhibitors). Emicizumab (ACE910), a humanized bispecific antibody mimicking the cofactor function of factor VIII, was developed to abate these problems. ⋯ Once-weekly subcutaneous administration of emicizumab markedly decreased the bleeding rate in patients who had hemophilia A with or without factor VIII inhibitors. (Funded by Chugai Pharmaceutical; JapicCTI number, 121934.).