Articles: postoperative-pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Reduction of laparoscopic-induced hypothermia, postoperative pain and recovery room length of stay by pre-conditioning gas with the Insuflow device: a prospective randomized controlled multi-center study.
To assess the efficacy and safety of Insuflow (Georgia BioMedical, Inc.) filter heater hydrator device in reducing the incidence, severity and extent of hypothermia, length of recovery room stay and postoperative pain at the time of laparoscopy. ⋯ Pre-conditioning laparoscopic gas by filtering heating and hydrating with the Insuflow device was significantly more effective than the currently used standard raw gas and was safe in reducing or eliminating laparoscopic-induced hypothermia, shortening recovery room length of stay and reducing postoperative pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of oral ketorolac and hydrocodone for pain relief after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
The analgesic effectiveness of ketorolac tromethamine was compared with hydrocodone and acetaminophen for pain from an arthroscopically assisted patellar-tendon autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. There were 125 patients evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter, and multidose study. A loading dose of parental ketorolac tromethamine was administered and subjects were later given two staged doses of the same "unknown" drug with pain evaluations conducted after each dose. ⋯ Moreover, ketorolac tromethamine was no more likely to cause digestive complaints than hydrocodone and acetaminophen. No bleeding problems were observed in either group. In the outpatient setting, ketorolac tromethamine controls postoperative pain better than hydrocodone and acetaminophen in the immediate postsurgery period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Tramadol hydrochloride: analgesic efficacy compared with codeine, aspirin with codeine, and placebo after dental extraction.
Tramadol hydrochloride is a novel, centrally acting analgesic with two complementary mechanisms of action: opioid and aminergic. Relative to codeine, tramadol has similar analgesic properties but may have fewer constipating, euphoric, and respiratory depressant effects. A two-center randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial was performed to assess the analgesic efficacy and reported side effects of tramadol 100 mg, tramadol 50 mg, codeine 60 mg, aspirin (ASA) 650 mg with codeine 60 mg, and placebo. ⋯ A greater TOTPAR response compared with all other active measures was seen for ASA/codeine during the first 3 hours of study. The 6-hour TOTPAR scores for the tramadol groups and ASA/ codeine group were not significantly different. Gastrointestinal side effects (nausea, dysphagia, vomiting) were reported more frequently with tramadol 100 mg, ASA/ codeine, and codeine 60 mg than with placebo.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Jun 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial[Development of an observational scale for assessment of postoperative pain in infants].
In a prospective trial in 139 infants ASA classification I-II 13 observational items were scaled during the first postoperative hour (13 assessments). The items were drawn from the literature and chosen for economic purpose. Factor analyses (Principal component, Kaiser Criterion, Scree-test) were used for the elimination of useless items and for the identification of suitable ones. ⋯ There was a significant interaction between repeated measurements and the supply of Piritramide and Ketamine, but not of Midazolam. Concurrent and constructive validation were positive for both systems, using administration of Piritramide as a criterion. For clinical purpose the CHIPPS should be preferred, because it has been proven to be valid in children up to 4 years of age and because controlled data on its sensitivity, specify, reliability and validity could already be presented.
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A study involving 2738 patients in 15 hospitals in the United Kingdom was undertaken to evaluate the effect of simple methods of pain assessment and management on postoperative pain. The study consisted of four parts: a survey of current practice in each hospital; a programme of education for staff and patients regarding pain and its management; the introduction of formal assessment and recording of pain and the use of a simple algorithm to allow more flexible, yet safe, provision of intermittent intramuscular opioid analgesia; and a repeat survey of practice. One hospital from each of the former health regions of England and Wales was selected for inclusion in the project. ⋯ Similar decreases were seen in the incidence of nausea and vomiting. There was also a slight reduction in the incidence of postoperative complications. This study shows that simple techniques for the management of postoperative pain are effective in reducing the incidence of pain both at rest and during movement and should form part of any acute pain management strategy.