Articles: postoperative-pain.
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Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg · Jan 1986
Comparative StudyIntraoperative cryolysis of intercostal nerves in thoracic surgery.
Pain is a major problem associated with thoracotomy. Intraoperative cryolysis of the intercostal nerves around the incision can essentially reduce the postoperative analgesic requirement and diminish the impairment of ventilatory capacity. To obtain maximum effect, it is recommended that the sites of drainage should also be treated with cryolysis.
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Femoral and lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh blocks have been performed in a group of 50 children; the method has not previously been described in paediatric practice. The technique was judged to have been successful in 48 (96%) of the children. There were no early or late complications. It is concluded that these blocks are easy to perform, even in small children and infants, and that they can produce reliable postoperative analgesia for a variety of orthopaedic and plastic procedures.
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Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. · Jan 1986
Patient-controlled analgesia with nalbuphine, a new narcotic agonist-antagonist, for the treatment of postoperative pain.
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA, intravenous self-application of narcotics) has been studied during the early postoperative period in 40 ASA I-III patients recovering from elective major and minor surgery (20 abdominal and 20 orthopaedic operations). Doses of 3.7 mg of the new agonist-antagonist opioid analgesic nalbuphine were available on demand, whenever the patients felt that pain relief was necessary, delivered by a microprocessor-controlled injection pump (On-Demand Analgesia Computer, ODAC) in response to use of a patient-controlled manual switch. The maximum dose/h was set at 28.2 mg, with a refractory time of 1 minute between successful demands. ⋯ Side effects (nausea, sweating) occurred in about 10% of patients but were usually of minor intensity. No serious circulatory or respiratory problems were observed during the period of PCA. Patient-controlled analgesia is a promising technique for the treatment of acute pain and for clinical pain research.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Epidural buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia. A controlled comparison with epidural morphine.
In a double-blind controlled study, epidural buprenorphine 0.3 mg was compared with 4 mg of epidural morphine for postoperative pain relief the first 24 hours after major orthopaedic surgery. The degree of analgesia was equal and satisfactory in both groups. ⋯ The only serious side effects were recorded in the morphine group, with two patients complaining of pruritus and five of urinary retention. In conclusion, epidural buprenorphine did not offer any advantages in preference to morphine for postoperative pain relief following orthopaedic surgery.