Articles: neuropathic-pain.
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Pain and depression are frequently associated with and often persist after resolution of an initial injury. Identifying the extent to which depression remains causally associated with ongoing physical discomfort during chronic pain, or becomes independent of it, is an important problem for basic neuroscience and psychiatry. Difficulty in distinguishing between effects of ongoing aversive sensory input and its long-term consequences is a significant roadblock, especially in animal models. ⋯ FosB expression was elevated in the central nucleus of the amygdala and spinal cord dorsal horn only in mice with ongoing allodynia. In contrast, FosB remained elevated in the basolateral amygdala of mice with resolved nociception and persisting behavioral effects. These observations suggest that different processes control tactile hypersensitivity and the behavioral changes and impaired neurogenesis that are associated with neuropathic allodynia.
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This study was designed to determine whether acute or chronic venlafaxine administration was effective in alleviating symptoms of neuropathic pain in a rat model of neuropathic pain, and whether the effect of venlafaxine involved manipulation of α2-adrenoceptors,by determining the effect of yohimbine, a α2-adrenoceptor antagonist on its actions. Neuropathic pain was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in the rats that resulted in stimulus-evoked thermal hyperalgesia, tactile mechanical and cold allodynia. Acute venlafaxine injections (20 and 40 mg/kg i.p.) on the 7th, 14th and 21st postoperative days could not reduce tactile and cold hypersensitivity significantly compared to CCI group. ⋯ Also the effect of venlafaxine on heat hyperalgesia was reversed by pretreatment with yohimbine at all-time intervals. These results indicate that venlafaxine, when administered immediately after nerve injury, and for a sufficient period of time, can prevent the development and expression of neuropathic pain. Also we conclude that α2-adrenoceptors participate in the antinociceptive effects of venlafaxine.
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Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. · Sep 2014
Aloperine attenuated neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury via anti-oxidation activity and suppression of the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.
To investigate whether aloperine (ALO) has antinociceptive effects on neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury, whether ALO reduces ROS against neuropathic pain, and what are the mechanisms involved in ALO attenuated neuropathic pain. ⋯ ALO has antinociceptive effects on neuropathic pain induced by CCI. The antinociceptive effects of ALO against neuropathic pain is related to reduction of ROS, via suppression of NF-κB pathway.
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Central neuropathic pain can arise from injury of the spinal cord and can become chronic. Treatment is difficult and, because complete pain relief is currently very hard to achieve, there is a need for new, more effective treatment options. In this study we used an animal model of spinal cord injury to evaluate the potency of a bioactive fragment of substance P (SP), i.e. ⋯ In contrast, the response threshold to acute nociceptive stimulation was not affected by any of the compounds tested. Most of the amino acids in the heptapeptide structure were essential for retaining the biological effect after peripheral injection. These observations suggest that the heptapeptide and its N-terminal truncated hexa- and pentapeptide analogs could be of interest for further development of analgesics in the management of mechanical allodynia.
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ATP/ADP-evoked spinal astrocyte activation plays a vital role in the development of neuropathic pain. We aim to investigate the role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway on the spinal astrocyte activation in the neuropathic pain development in rats. ⋯ Our data demonstrated that ADP enhanced neuropathic pain in CCI rats, which was inhibited by rapamycin. This study indicates that targeting mTOR pathway could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy in neuropathic pain management.