Articles: human.
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Comparative Study
Differential cytotoxic properties of drugs used for intra-articular injection on human chondrocytes: An experimental in-vitro study.
Intra-articular injection of local anaesthetics, opioids and corticosteroids is frequently used to obtain perioperative analgesia following joint surgery. Although local anaesthetics were shown to induce chondrotoxicity, the safety profile regarding chondrotoxicity of other injected drugs is less clear. ⋯ Morphine and dexamethasone showed no cytotoxic effects in our study and might thus be better alternatives to the clinically frequently applied bupivacaine. S-ketamine induced an intensive dose-dependent cytotoxic effect and should probably be avoided for intra-articular injection.
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Lung transplantation is a widely accepted therapeutic option for patients with end-stage lung disease. However, despite the significant medical progress achieved since the first human lung transplant was performed in 1963, perioperative and long-term patient outcomes are still jeopardised by a variety of complications. ⋯ However, in the absence of internationally recognised guidelines, the optimal strategies for managing lung transplant recipients remain unclear. This article presents a practical approach to the management of the early post-transplantation period aiming at standardising clinical care and improving patient outcome.
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THE FORM, functions and inner workings of the human body are fascinating. This anatomy guide presents a range of medical images to illustrate how hospital doctors see the human body in their everyday practice.
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High-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is essential in the response to injury during sepsis. We hypothesized that resveratrol (RESV) administration would inhibit nuclear-cytoplasmic HMGB1 translocation in hepatocytes, which is associated with sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) upregulation. We investigated the regulatory role of SIRT1 in HMGB1 nucleocytoplasmic translocation and its effect on sepsis-induced liver injury. ⋯ Resveratrol protects against sepsis-induced liver injury through the SIRT1-mediated HMGB1 nucleocytoplasmic translocation pathway, a new potential therapeutic target in sepsis-induced liver injury.
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BMC pulmonary medicine · Nov 2014
Upregulation of activin-B and follistatin in pulmonary fibrosis - a translational study using human biopsies and a specific inhibitor in mouse fibrosis models.
Activins are members of the TGF-ß superfamily of growth factors. First, we identified by expression array screening that activin-B and follistatin are upregulated in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Next, we wanted to clarify their specific role in lung fibrosis formation. ⋯ The upregulation of activin-B and follistatin in IPF is a novel finding. Our results indicate that activin inhibition is not an efficient tool for antifibrotic therapy, but could be useful in reducing alveolar cellular response to injury. Activin-B and follistatin levels may be useful as biomarkers of IPF.