Articles: human.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2005
Capacity of brain cooling via ventilating oxygen at low temperature over respiratory tract.
Cerebral hypothermia is a rather useful way to improve outcome after brain injury. In this paper, the capacity of cooling oxygen ventilation (COV) during cerebral circulation arrest was theoretically evaluated. ⋯ However, its capacity on lowering the deep brain temperature is very limited. Therefore more powerful cooling strategies should be investigated to realize an efficient cooling on the target cerebral tissue.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2005
The Establishment of the Mathematical Model of the 2ndDegree Burn Injury of Human Tissues and Its Application.
A quantitative analysis of the 2nddegree burn injury of human tissues and the relevant mathematical model are presented in this paper. Unlike the general criterion extensively adopted by doctors that pay much attention to the degrees of the skin burn damage such as the area, depth and color of the damaged skins, the paper emphasizes the cause-and-effect of the 2nddegree burn injury of the human tissues. ⋯ The comparisons of the theoretical study with the experimental data have been made and the results are quite satisfactory. The application of the mathematical model in the test of thermal protective performance of fire protection clothing is also presented.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2005
Modelling for computer controlled neuromuscular blockade.
In this paper we present data collection and methods for the selection of a model class with the goal of automated neuromuscular blockade (NMB). Neuromuscular response was measured in the presence of rocuronium in rabbits (N=5) and humans (N=14). An average response was formed and used to determine optimal ARX and Laguerre representations for a wide range of orders and parameters. ⋯ The range of static gain was 121 and 159% of the mean for the rabbit and human datasets. Frequency domain analysis showed differences in gain of 12 and 15dB, and phase of 45 and 75° for the rabbit and human models respectively. With this knowledge, design and development of appropriate controllers for NMB will proceed.
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Ont Health Technol Assess Ser · Jan 2005
Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders: an evidence-based analysis.
To determine the effectiveness and adverse effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and primary dystonia and to do an economic analysis if evidence for effectiveness is established. ⋯ According to the estimates of prevalence and evidence of effectiveness, there is a shortfall in the numbers of DBS currently done in Ontario for drug-resistant PD, essential tremor, and primary dystonia.Since complication rates are lower if DBS is performed in specialized centres, the number of sites should be limited.The cost per procedure to institutions with the expertise to undertake DBS and the human resource considerations are likely to be limiting factors in the further diffusion of DBS.
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Ont Health Technol Assess Ser · Jan 2005
Osteogenic protein-1 for long bone nonunion: an evidence-based analysis.
To assess the efficacy of osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) for long bone nonunion. ⋯ Friedlaender et al. conducted a prospective, randomized, partially blinded clinical trial on the treatment tibial nonunions with OP-1. Tibial nonunions were chosen for this study because of their high frequency, challenging treatment requirements, and substantial morbidity. All of the nonunions were at least 9 months old and had shown no progress toward healing over the previous 3 months. The patients were randomized to receive either treatment with autologous bone grafting or treatment with OP-1 in a type-1 collagen carrier. Both groups received reduction and fixation with an intramedullary rod. Table 1 summarizes the clinical outcomes of this study. Table 1:Outcomes in a Randomized Clinical Trial on Tibial Nonunions: Osteogenic Protein-1 versus Autologous Bone GraftingClinical Indicator at 9 monthsSuccess by ProcedureOP-1 % (range)Autograft % (range)PWeight-bearing*8685not significantPain on Weight-bearing*8990not significantBridging seen on radiograph (at least 1 view)7584not significantBridging seen on radiograph (at least 3 views)6274not significantRepeated surgery*510not significantPhysician satisfaction8690not significantMean operative time in minutes (range)169 (58 - 420)178 (58 - 420)not significantMean operative blood loss in ml (range)254 (10-1,150)345 (35 - 1,200).049Mean length of stay in days (range)3.7 (0 - 18)4.1 (1 - 24)not significantPain at the donor siteN/A80N/AAt 6 months postsurgery20At 12 months postsurgery13Osteomyelitis % (number)3 (2/61)21 (13/61). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)