Articles: general-anesthesia.
-
Review
Opioid analgesics in anesthesia: with special reference to their use in cardiovascular anesthesia.
In this article, an attempt has been made to review the use of receptor stimulating pure agonist opioids in anesthesia, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease. Particular emphasis has been placed on the use of opioids in high doses to produce anesthesia, techniques that recently have become popular in cardiovascular anesthesia. A major benefit of opioid anesthesia is the cardiovascular stability obtained during induction and throughout operation, even in patients with severely impaired cardiac function. ⋯ The use of very large doses of opioids also will prolong postoperative respiratory depression. High doses of opioids can reduce or prevent the hormonal and metabolic responses to the stress of surgery. However, even very large doses of fentanyl or its newer analogues do not prevent marked increases in plasma catecholamine concentrations in response to cardiopulmonary bypass.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
-
The Eisenmenger syndrome is a form of cyanotic congenital heart disease not usually amenable to corrective surgery. It is, however, compatible with leading an active life in early adulthood and due to advances in medical therapy it is not uncommon for patients with this syndrome to live to 30 years or more. Occasionally, therefore, anaesthetists and surgeons will be required to care for these patients when they present for incidental surgery. This article reviews the appropriate measures for the safe operative and perioperative care of patients, based on an understanding of the pathophysiological changes which occur in the Eisenmenger syndrome.
-
Obstet Gynecol Surv · Mar 1984
ReviewGeneral anesthesia in cesarean section: effect on mother and neonate.
Advances in anesthetic techniques during the past several decades have resulted in an excellent outcome in infants delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia. To understand these results, it is important to be familiar with the physiologic changes which occur during general anesthesia. A review of the literature which focuses on the findings which led to current anesthetic principles is presented.