Articles: pain-management-methods.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Reducing pain by using venous blood gas instead of arterial blood gas (VEINART): a multicentre randomised controlled trial.
Venous sampling for blood gas analysis has been suggested as an alternative to arterial sampling in order to reduce pain. The main objective was to compare pain induced by venous and arterial sampling and to assess whether the type of sampling would affect clinical management or not. ⋯ Venous blood gas is less painful for patients than ABG in non-hypoxaemic patients. Venous blood gas should replace ABG in this setting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The effectiveness of graded motor imagery for reducing phantom limb pain in amputees: a randomised controlled trial.
To investigate whether graded motor imagery (GMI) is effective for reducing phantom limb pain (PLP) in people who have undergone limb amputations. ⋯ (PACTR201701001979279).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
CT fluoroscopy-guided transforaminal and intra-articular facet steroid injections for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: injectate distribution patterns and association with clinical outcome.
To investigate injectate dispersal patterns and their association with therapeutic efficacy during a transforaminal (TFSI) or an intra-articular facet steroid injection (IFSI) to treat cervical radiculopathy. ⋯ • During intra-articular facet injection, the injectate spreads from the facet joint to the retrodural space and rarely reaches the epidural and/or foraminal spaces. • Epidural spread of the injectate during an anterolateral transforaminal steroid injection is the least effective for pain relief in patients with cervical radiculopathy. • Injection techniques targeting the extraforaminal or juxta-articular facet space are safer than transforaminal injections and effectively relieve pain in patients with cervical radiculopathy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Assess Central Pain Responses in a Nonpharmacologic Treatment Trial of Osteoarthritis.
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common source of pain in older adults. Although OA-induced pain can be relieved with analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, the current opioid epidemic is fostering the exploration of nonpharmacologic strategies for pain mitigation. Amongs these, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and mindfulness-based meditation (MBM) hold potential for pain-relief efficacy due to their neuromodulatory effects of the central nervous system, which is known to play a fundamental role in pain perception and processing. ⋯ In conclusion, fNIRS can be effectively used to investigate neural mechanisms of pain at the cortical level in association with nonpharmacological, self-administered treatments.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Active and Passive Distraction Interventions in a Pediatric Emergency Department to Reduce the Pain and Anxiety During Venous Blood Sampling: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Distraction is a method that is easy to use in emergency departments and effective in relieving procedural pain and anxiety. This study aimed to determine the effect of 2 new distraction methods-1 active distraction (rotatable wooden toy) and 1 passive distraction (toy wristband)-on procedural pain, fear, and anxiety in children during venous blood sampling. ⋯ Both the toy wristband and rotatable wooden toy interventions can be used to reduce procedural pain, fear, and anxiety in children during blood sampling in emergency departments.