Articles: pain-measurement.
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Acta cirúrgica brasileira · Apr 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA comparison of extradural tramadol and extradural morphine for postoperative analgesia in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of the extradural tramadol or morphine in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. ⋯ The extradural administration of morphine or tramadol is a safe and effective method of inducing analgesia in female dogs undergoing ovariohyterectomy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of glutamate-evoked pain between the temporalis and masseter muscles in men and women.
Pain in myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) can affect both the masseter and temporalis muscles. Glutamate injection into the masseter muscle evokes pain that is greater in men than in women and this pain is attenuated by co-injection of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine (10 mmol/L) in men. Animal studies suggested that pain induced by peripheral NMDA receptor activation could differ between the temporalis and masseter muscles and between men and women. ⋯ Women reported significantly greater glutamate-evoked masseter muscle pain than men (P<.03). Co-injection of ketamine, at higher dose than previously used, was equally effective in attenuating glutamate-evoked pain from both muscles in both genders (P<.01). The current findings indicate that the characteristics of pain generated by intramuscular injection of glutamate vary for different masticatory muscles and may be partially generated through activation of peripheral NMDA receptors.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
No pain no gain? Pursuing a competing goal inhibits avoidance behavior.
This experiment investigated pain-related avoidance behavior in context of competing goals. Participants (N=56) were presented trials of 2 different tasks of which 1 task could produce pain. They were free to decide whether or not to perform trials of these tasks. ⋯ Furthermore, the association between pain-related avoidance behavior and fear of pain was smaller in the competition group than in the control group. The findings indicate that the emergence of pain-related avoidance behavior depends upon the motivational context, and that the association between pain-related fear and avoidance is not stable. This study has implications for our understanding of disability, and points to the need to consider avoidance behavior within a broad context of multiple, often competing, goals.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy and safety of flupirtine maleate and tramadol hydrochloride in postoperative pain management--a prospective randomised double blinded study.
The study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of flupirtine maleate 100 mg thrice daily compared to tramadol hydrochloride 50 mg thrice daily as postoperative pain management for 5 days. A total of 113 postoperative patients were recruited for the study. Those who met the inclusion criteria (n = 104) were randomised into two treatment groups. ⋯ There was significant reduction in pain score (p < 0.001) in the flupirtine group with almost equal efficacy to that of tramadol group but the incidence of adverse effects were much less (7.4%) and didn't need discontinuation of the study. All drugs were assessed as good. Therefore it can be concluded that oral flupirtine can deliver the same analgesic efficacy as oral tramadol for postoperative pain relief, which might be beneficial for avoiding the adverse effects ofopioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy.
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Contemp Clin Trials · Mar 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyThe design and methods of the aging successfully with pain study.
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is widespread among older adults (≥ 65 years) and is often treated inadequately. With a rapidly growing aging population, CLBP will increase and so will the demand for treatment. We believe that mind-body therapies can help to meet this demand. ⋯ We will measure self-reported and objectively measured physical function and include a variety of measures to assess pain intensity and pain interference and psychological function. Our primary hypothesis is that the MBSR program will be more effective than the 10 Keys program in increasing function and decreasing pain. The proposed study represents the first large, well-controlled, comprehensive examination of the effects of a mind-body program on older adults with chronic pain.