Articles: pain-measurement.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Long-term pain outcomes after serial lidocaine infusion in participants with recent onset of peripheral neuropathic pain: A pilot double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
This study investigated the outcomes up to 12 weeks after serial lidocaine infusion for early-onset peripheral neuropathic pain. ⋯ Multiple lidocaine infusions of 3 mg/kg once a week for 4 weeks in participants with recent onset of peripheral neuropathic pain demonstrated no significant benefits in pain intensity, quality of life, or psychological outcomes. At most, this treatment may result in less tramadol use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of virtual reality glasses applied during intrauterine device insertion on pain, anxiety and satisfaction: Randomized controlled study.
This study was carried out to determine the effect of the use of "virtual reality glasses," on anxiety, pain, and satisfaction level in order to reduce anxiety and pain during intrauterine device (IUD) insertion, which is a painful and stressful procedure for women and to divert attention to increase satisfaction. ⋯ It was determined that the use of virtual reality glasses, one of the methods of distraction during IUD insertion, was effective in reducing pain and anxiety and increasing patient satisfaction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Change in pain expectations but no open-label placebo analgesia: An experimental study using the heat pain paradigm.
Open-label placebos (OLP) prescribed without deception and with a convincing rationale have been shown to evoke powerful treatment effects. Patients' treatment expectations seem to influence the magnitude of the effect. ⋯ This study provides evidence that positive treatment expectations are not sufficient to evoke an open-label placebo effect in a standardized heat pain experiment. We showed that two different rationales improved participants treatment expectations, but failed to evoke a placebo effect in comparison to a control group that received the same placebo, labelled as an ointment to improve measurement quality.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effect of Preprocedural Low-Dose Ketamine for Pain and Anxiety in Patients during Thoracic Epidural Catheterization.
Background and Objectives: Thoracic epidural catheterization (TEC) can be both uncomfortable and fearful for patients when performed awake with the thought that the procedure may be painful. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of low-dose intravenous ketamine administration on pain and anxiety during the TEC procedure. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive intravenous (IV) placebo (Group P) and IV low-dose (0.15 mg/kg) ketamine (LDK) (Group K) 3 min before the procedure in a double-blind manner. ⋯ Furthermore, the number of patients who would consent to the same procedure in the future was significantly higher in Group K (p = 0.007). Conclusions: A preprocedural LDK (0.15 mg/kg) can effectively prevent anxiety and pain experienced by patients during the TEC procedure. Administration of LDK may provide a more comfortable procedure process without causing ketamine-induced side effects (hemodynamic, respiratory, and psychological).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of Lidocaine Spray for Pain Reduction during Colposcopy-Directed Cervical Biopsies: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of lidocaine spray in reducing the pain during colposcopy-directed cervical biopsy (CDB). Methods: From December 2017 to February 2019, 312 women undergoing CDBs were enrolled. The participants were randomized to three groups: group 1 (lidocaine spray), in which lidocaine spray was applied thoroughly to the cervix; group 2 (placebo), in which normal saline was applied thoroughly to the cervix; and group 3 (control), in which no anesthetic agent was applied to the cervix. ⋯ No complication with the intervention was observed. Conclusions: The application of lidocaine spray to the cervix has the benefit of reducing the pain associated with CDBs by a small amount. However, the intervention is safe and may be considered in nulliparous and/or overly anxious women undergoing the procedure.