Articles: pain-measurement.
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Low Back Pain Rating scale is an index scale which includes measurements of pain intensity, disability, and physical impairment. The scale was designed to monitor the outcome of clinical trials of low back pain treatment. It has been validated in 58 patients following first-time discectomy. ⋯ In the study, a high rater agreement (97.7%) was found without level difference between two observers using the scale. The validation process included: construct validity, criterion-related validity and item bias, relative to Global Assessments pronounced by the patient and an experienced clinician. Low Back Pain Rating scale hs been shown to be valid and reliable in the assessment of low back pain.
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J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry · Jun 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPain ameliorating effect of eye movement desensitization.
This study explores the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMD/R) in the management of acute pain induced by hand exposures to ice water. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to one of the following interventions: (a) eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, (b) eye movement desensitization with music (EMD/M), and (c) control. ⋯ Repeated measures univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that both procedures alleviated participants' pain to a similar degree and significantly more than the control, P < 0.05.
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This paper reports on the results of two studies conducted to further validate the Abu-Saad Paediatric Pain Assessment Tool, a Dutch-language questionnaire developed to assess pain in school-age children. Children of 5 to 15 years of age reported in the first study their post-operative pain before and after the administration of analgesic medication using word descriptors of pain, the 10-cm scale, the Oucher, and a visual analogue scale (VAS). ⋯ In the second study, the correlations between pain and fear, a concurrently used measure with the pain instruments, were low, substantiating the discriminant validity of the pain tool. The significance of the results in relation to instrument development and multidimensional pain assessment in children are further discussed and elaborated.
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Recently, the ischemia-test (IT) had been suggested to be part of the diagnostic procedure for reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). The present study investigated, for the first time whether pain suppressing, as typically occurring under the IT, would correlate in RSD to the pain relieving effect following a diagnostic guanethidine blockade. ⋯ Thus, both procedures have the same diagnostic value for pain in RSD. These results are in agreement with new pathophysiological considerations, assuming an indirectly (via the microvascular system) mediated sympathetic-afferent coupling as a cause of pain in RSD.
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Documented assessment of pain does increase patient satisfaction in pain control and treatment but it must be carried out regularly and, more importantly, it must be acted upon. Patients who participate in documented assessment of pain postoperatively may find it easier to communicate their pain levels to the nurse, may feel more informed about their treatment and may be given analgesia more quickly than a control group. Nurses are aware of the importance of pain intensity assessment but do not always assess the effectiveness of the analgesia given. ⋯ Pain cannot be treated or controlled if it is not accurately assessed. Any information given before surgery decreases anxiety levels and therefore lessens the patient's perception of pain postoperatively, particularly when the information is related to how and where the patient may feel pain. The use of documented pain assessment combined with patient-controlled analgesia systems may be the key to effective postoperative pain control.