Articles: pain-measurement.
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEMLA cream effectively reduces the pain of spinal needle insertion.
EMLA cream is an effective topical anesthetic, which is commonly used for analgesia during venous cannulation in the pediatric population. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of EMLA cream with that of infiltration with lidocaine in relieving the pain associated with administration of spinal anesthesia. ⋯ EMLA cream is an effective alternative to lidocaine infiltration for analgesia during the administration of spinal anesthesia when using a 25-gauge spinal needle via a 20-gauge introducer. Application of EMLA cream for at least 30 minutes prior to spinal needle insertion is adequate to provide good analgesia during needle insertion.
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of two application techniques of EMLA and pain assessment in pediatric oncology patients.
The study was designed to compare the analgesic efficacy of the local anesthetic EMLA when applied as a patch and as a cream in combination with a Tegaderm dressing to pediatric oncology patients undergoing repeated lumbar punctures. ⋯ The EMLA patch and the EMLA cream are equally effective in alleviating pain associated with lumbar puncture. The EMLA patch simplifies and speeds up the application of EMLA. It also allows for control of the dose administered per application, thus preventing both over- and underdosing.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
A comparative study of silicone net dressing and paraffin gauze dressing in skin-grafted sites.
This prospective randomized study has compared paraffin gauze dressing (n = 19) with silicone net dressing (Mepitel, n = 19) applied as the first layer to newly grafted burn wounds. At the first postoperative dressing visual analogue pain scores were greater in the paraffin gauze group (mean 4.4) than in the silicone net group (mean 1.4, P < 0.01). ⋯ Dressings were harder to remove in the paraffin gauze group as assessed by a simple scoring system (P < 0.001). In conclusion silicone net dressing confers advantages over conventional paraffin gauze, especially in reducing patient discomfort during dressing changes.
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Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMidazolam does not influence intravenous fentanyl-induced analgesia in healthy volunteers.
The effects of saline and intravenous midazolam (0.5, 1, and 2 mg per 70 kg) in combination with intravenous fentanyl (0.1 mg/70 kg) were examined on pain induced by a cold pressor test. Healthy volunteers (six females, six males) were enrolled in a prospective, double-blind, randomized, crossover trial in which mood and psychomotor performance were also examined. Five minutes and 135 min postinjection subjects immersed their forearm in ice cold water for 3 min while assessments of pain were recorded. ⋯ During the second immersion (approximately 2.5 h postinjection) pain ratings did not differ between the drug and saline conditions. Mood-altering and psychomotor-impairing effects of the drug combination were dose related. We conclude that midazolam at the doses and route of administration tested neither potentiates nor decreases the analgesia produced by fentanyl in a cold-pressor pain assay.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Propofol at conscious sedation doses produces mild analgesia to cold pressor-induced pain in healthy volunteers.
To determine whether subanesthetic doses of propofol have analgesic effects in healthy volunteers. ⋯ Our laboratory results are consistent with the commonly accepted clinical practice of supplementing propofol with an opioid in conscious sedation procedures to provide a satisfactory level of pain relief.