Articles: pain-measurement.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[The incidence of postoperative pain on general surgical wards. Results of different evaluation procedures].
Knowledge of the incidence and significance of postoperative pain is essential for the establishment of effective pain treatment programmes. Detailed investigations on the incidence, severity and quality of postoperative pain from the surgeon's perspective are scarce in German hospitals. It was the aim of our study to investigate postoperative pain in general surgery under routine conditions. ⋯ CONCLUSIONS. We conclude from our results that patients perceive significant postoperative pain under current standardized pain treatment in our department. Effective programmes for pain relief should take account of the different patterns of pain after different operations, as identified in this study.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effect of the sight of blood and use of decorative adhesive bandages on pain intensity ratings by preschool children.
A total of 70 children between the ages of 3 and 6 years participated in two studies that tested the effect of (a) the sight of blood and (b) the application of a decorated adhesive bandage on pain intensity ratings following a fingerstick. In both studies, children were randomly assigned to one of four groups. These groups allowed for the combinations of testing blood or no blood and the application of a decorated adhesive bandage or plain adhesive bandage. ⋯ Fifty outpatient children who were receiving fingersticks for preoperative or diagnostic testing were enrolled. Results indicated that there were no differences across groups, and age was only significant on the Poker Chip Tool. These results suggest that simple interventions and distractions are not sufficient to decrease perceived pain intensity ratings in young children.
-
J Manipulative Physiol Ther · Jan 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe Hmax/Mmax ratio as an outcome measure for acute low back pain.
To evaluate the use of the Hmax/Mmax (H/M) ratio as an outcome measure for acute low back pain and to determine the change of this ratio in acute low back pain patients treated with spinal manipulation. ⋯ The H/M ratio was found to be within normal limits in subjects with acute low back pain. The H/M ratio showed greater change in the group which received spinal manipulation, but the change was subtle. The results indicate that the H/M ratio may be of limited value in clinical practice.
-
Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Aug 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA new method for rate of analgesic onset: two doses of intravenous morphine compared with placebo.
A new method of frequent early pain assessments for 1 hour only was used to determine time of onset of analgesia after intravenous administration of 10 mg morphine, 5 mg morphine, or placebo in a double-blind study; 79 patients were randomized if they required parenteral analgesia in the early postoperative period. Pain intensity was determined by a four-point categoric verbal rating scale and on a verbal ordinal scale from 0 to 100 (0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain imaginable) during the first hour after analgesic administration. The onset time of analgesia, assessed by 50% of patients achieving 25% reduction from their baseline pain assessment, was significantly faster for 10 mg morphine compared with 5 mg morphine (p = 0.02) and placebo (p less than 0.01). More familiar analgesic efficacy measures, including the sum of pain intensity differences and time to next analgesic dose, similarly showed the superiority of 10 mg morphine to placebo in the first hour, confirming sensitivity according to the conventional paradigm.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pain comparison of unbuffered versus buffered lidocaine in local wound infiltration.
The purpose of this study was to compare the pain of infiltration between unbuffered lidocaine and buffered lidocaine in a traumatic laceration. Solutions of unbuffered 1% lidocaine and buffered 1% lidocaine were randomly assigned to Site I or Site II of a single laceration for each subject, with the patient serving as self-control. ⋯ It was also found that Site I was preferred more often than Site II regardless of which medication was used. The conclusion is that buffered lidocaine is preferred over unbuffered lidocaine and that the order of injection is an important factor in trials that involve multiple sequential injections in the same patient.