Articles: hyoscine-therapeutic-use.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jun 2011
Review Meta AnalysisScopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness.
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2004 and previously updated in 2007 and 2009.Motion sickness, the discomfort experienced when perceived motion disturbs the organs of balance, may include symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, pallor, cold sweats, hypersalivation, hyperventilation and headaches. The control and prevention of these symptoms has included pharmacological, behavioural and complementary therapies. Although scopolamine (hyoscine) has been used in the treatment and prevention of motion sickness for decades, there have been no systematic reviews of its effectiveness. ⋯ The use of scopolamine versus placebo in preventing motion sickness has been shown to be effective. No conclusions can be made on the comparative effectiveness of scopolamine and other agents such as antihistamines and calcium channel antagonists. In addition, we identified no randomised controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of scopolamine in the treatment of established symptoms of motion sickness.
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Anaesthesiol Reanim · Jan 1991
Review Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialCardiac dysrhythmias during dental surgery. Comparison of hyoscine, glycopyrrolate and placebo premedication.
The incidence of cardiac dysrhythmias was investigated in 60 patients undergoing dental operations under halothane anaesthesia following either hyoscine, glycopyrrolate or placebo as a supplement to nalbuphine for premedication. Forty-five percent of the patients given 6 micrograms/kg hyoscine exhibited cardiac dysrhythmias compared to 25 percent of the group given 4 micrograms/kg glycopyrrolate and to 5 percent in the placebo group. ⋯ There was neither a connection between the frequency of cardiac dysrhythmias and the demographic characteristics of the patients nor with their PaCO2. The author recommends to avoid premedication with anticholinergic combined with halothane anaesthesia with spontaneous respiration during dental operations.
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Hyoscine (scopolamine) is a competitive inhibitor of the muscarinic receptors of acetylcholine and it has been shown to be one of the most effective agents for preventing motion sickness. However, a relatively high incidence of side effects and a short duration of action has restricted the usefulness of this agent when administered orally or parenterally, and to counter this a novel transdermal preparation of hyoscine has been developed. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that this new method for administering hyoscine controls the absorption process and the rate of drug entry into the systemic circulation over an extended period (72 hours), providing a means of delivery which is similar to a slow intravenous infusion. ⋯ Adverse central nervous system (CNS) effects, difficulty in urinating, rashes and erythema have been reported only occasionally. Thus, preliminary evidence suggests transdermal hyoscine may offer an effective and conveniently administered alternative for the prevention of motion-induced nausea and vomiting in certain situations. However, the duration of its clinical effectiveness, and its relative efficacy and tolerability compared with other agents needs to be confirmed in a few additional well-designed studies.