Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of caudal block using bupivacaine and ketamine with ilioinguinal nerve block for orchidopexy in children.
Forty boys weighing less than 25 kg undergoing unilateral orchidopexy were randomly allocated to receive one of two analgesic regimens. Group C received a caudal epidural block with 0.25% bupivacaine 1 ml.kg-1 and preservative-free ketamine 0.5 mg.kg-1; Group L received an ilioinguinal nerve block with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 ml.kg-1 and infiltration of the wound with 0.25% bupivacaine 0.5 ml.kg-1. All subjects received diclofenac sodium 1-2 mg.kg-1 as a rectal suppository. ⋯ The median duration of analgesia was 10 h (range 2.6 to > 24 h) in Group C and 2.9 h (range 0.7 to > 24 h) in Group L (p < 0.05). There were no differences between groups in the incidence of motor block, urinary retention, postoperative vomiting or postoperative sedation. Subjects in Group L required significantly more doses of postoperative analgesia than those in Group C (p < 0.05).
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1997
Clinical TrialNeurolytic superior hypogastric plexus block for chronic pelvic pain associated with cancer.
Neurolytic superior hypogastric plexus block has been shown to be safe and effective in selected cancer patients. A large cohort of patients was studied to evaluate the continued efficacy and safety of this block in cancer patients with advanced disease. ⋯ Neurolytic superior hypogastric plexus block provided both effective pain relief and a significant reduction in opioid usage (43%) in 72% of the patients who received a neurolytic block. Overall, this represents 51% of the patients enrolled in the study. Poor results should be expected in patients with extensive retroperitoneal disease overlying the plexus because of inadequate spread of the neurolytic agent.
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Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir · Nov 1997
Case Reports[Axillary plexus catheter block in childhood and adolescence].
During the past two years (1994 and 1995), eight patients with the average age of eleven and a half years (four to fifteen years) received continuous axillary plexus anaesthesia subsequent to severe injuries of their upper extremities. The advantage of intra-, peri-, and postoperative anaesthesia and postoperative pain management are presented as a case report.
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La Clinica terapeutica · Nov 1997
Comparative Study[Use of ropivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block].
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of ropivacaine, in comparison with bupivacaine, in axillary brachial plexus block. 24 patients, undergoing upper limb surgery, was divided into 2 homogeneous groups and the local anaesthetics was administered: A (ropivacaine 0.75%, 25 ml; total dose 187.5 mg) and B (bupivacaine 0.5%, 25 ml; total dose 125 mg). The axillary plexus block was executed with the help of an electrostimulator. The results show that using ropivacaine the onset-time is lower and the duration of sensory and motor block is higher than using bupivacaine. In conclusion we can affirm that ropivacaine is a new step in local anaesthetic field.
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Regional anesthesia · Nov 1997
Clinical TrialFailed axillary brachial plexus block techniques result in high plasma concentrations of mepivacaine.
Unintentional extrasheath injection causes failed axillary brachial plexus block. We wanted to find out if extrasheath injections produce higher plasma concentrations of local anesthetics compared to intrasheath injections. We also studied the incidence of extrasheath injection with radiographs. ⋯ Failed extrasheath injection of 50 mL 1.5% plain mepivacaine produces higher arterial plasma concentration in axillary brachial plexus block.