Articles: nerve-block.
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Regional anesthesia · Jul 1996
An observational study of combined continuous lumbar plexus and single-shot sciatic nerve blocks for post-knee surgery analgesia.
In a study of postoperative analgesia after major knee surgery, an assessment was made of the efficacy of continuous lumbar plexus block combined with a single-shot block of the sciatic nerve. ⋯ Sciatic nerve block is essential for successful analgesia during the immediate postoperative period but is not mandatory for longer-term pain control, which can be achieved by continuous lumbar plexus block.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPreoperative application of piroxicam gel compared to a local anaesthetic field block for postoperative analgesia.
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and hence have an analgesic action. Following topical administration, the drug is concentrated in the tissues and so can have a local analgesic effect. This study investigated the effect of the preoperative application of topical piroxicam on postoperative analgesic requirement compared to a placebo group and a conventional local anaesthetic field block. ⋯ There were no apparent NSAID-induced side-effects, or effects on wound healing. The preoperative administration of piroxicam (15gm) topically compared favourably with a preoperative local anaesthetic field block with respect to VAS scores, time to first analgesia and total morphine consumption. And both treatment groups provided significantly superior analgesia than the control group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Efficacy of ketorolac tromethamine and extrapleural intercostal nerve block on post-thoracotomy pain. A prospective, randomized study.
Post-thoracotomy pain causes severe impairment of the respiratory function. Epidural analgesia is effective in the treatment of post-thoracotomy pain but may give rise to significant side-effects. Other low-risk and cost-effective analgesic treatments are therefore required. ⋯ Ketorolac tromethamine was effective in the treatment of post-thoracotomy pain. Extrapleural intercostal nerve block allowed a significant reduction in the consumption of opioids. These analgesic techniques could be useful as low-risk, cost-effective and reproducible treatments when more effective techniques, such as epidural analgesia, are contraindicated.
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Regional anesthesia · Jul 1996
Antinociceptive and motor-blocking efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine after epidural administration in the dog.
This study was initiated to evaluate the antinociceptive and motor blocking capabilities of epidurally administered 0.5% and 0.75% ropivacaine and bupivacaine using a blinded, random crossover design in the dog. Additionally, serum drug concentrations and serum protein binding were determined. ⋯ The 0.5% solutions produced similar sensory block of the vertebral dermatomes. Duration of dermatomal block with 0.75% bupivacaine was longer than with the corresponding ropivacaine concentration. Ropivacaine produced motor block of shorter duration as compared with bupivacaine. Serum concentrations of the two drugs were similar after injection of the same doses. In this animal model, ropivacaine produced shorter durations of sensory and motor block than corresponding concentrations of bupivacaine. These data are consistent with previously published data in animals and humans.