Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pre-emptive analgesia: comparison of preoperative with postoperative caudal block on postoperative pain in children.
We have compared in 25 children the effect of preoperative with postoperative caudal block on pain after circumcision in a double-blind, randomized study. After induction of anaesthesia, patients were allocated randomly to receive a caudal block either before (n = 14) or immediately after (n = 11) surgery. Postoperative pain was rated on a paediatric pain scale. ⋯ Using the Mann-Whitney U test (significance < or = 0.05) there was no significant difference in cumulative postoperative analgesic requirements within the first 48 h and in times to first analgesic administration between the groups. Cumulative pain score, assessed every 30 min for the first 8 h after operation, was significantly lower for those patients who received caudal anaesthesia after operation. Thus we could not demonstrate any advantage in performing caudal block before compared with after surgery.
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A combination of the lumbar plexus and sciatic nerve blocks using 2-chloroprocaine (2-CP) for unilateral lower extremity anaesthesia was studied. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of 2-CP for ambulatory surgery of short duration with this combination of blocks. Twenty-five patients ASA 1 and 2 were studied. ⋯ The mean duration of the sensory block was 88.7 +/- 20.9 min, 83.3 +/- 16.4, 79.7 +/- 17.8 min and 93.7 +/- 22 min for the sciatic, femoral, obturator and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves respectively. Success rate was 92% and no major complication occurred. We conclude that a combination of the lumbar plexus and the sciatic nerve blocks with 2-CP is a useful technique for ambulatory surgery of short duration.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Sep 1994
Case Reports[Brachial plexus blockade via the interscalene port--for regional anesthesia/analgesia of upper extremities; use, application and risks].
The interscalene technique for brachial plexus anaesthesia is described. The method is suitable for anaesthesia of the upper extremity, especially when anaesthesia of the proximal part of the arm and the shoulder region is desired. The technique is also useful in paediatric cases. Side effects are few, but the risk of paralysing of the diaphragm makes this method inappropriate for patients with severe respiratory disease.
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American family physician · Sep 1994
Anesthesia in the emergency setting: Part II. Head and neck, eye and rib injuries.
Anesthesia for procedures of the head and neck includes ear field blocks, supraorbital and supratrochlear nerve blocks, infraorbital, mental, mandibular and posterosuperior alveolar nerve blocks. Topical ophthalmic anesthesia is useful in treating a variety of ocular injuries, including corneal abrasion and laceration, chemical/thermal burns, and injuries caused by foreign bodies and contact lenses. The intercostal nerve block is used to manage the pain of rib fractures, thus improving patient comfort, tidal volume and ventilation, and pulmonary toilet.