Articles: nerve-block.
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In summary, the clinical goal in regional anesthesia for hand surgery is to constantly approach the ideal of a well-conducted, smooth, "balanced regional technique." This begins with the preoperative interview, assurance, and preoperative sedation (po). In the operating room, monitoring (EKG, BP) and safety measures (IV port, nasal oxygen) precede the regional technique. The block is performed with asepsis, minimal "needling," and correct dosages. ⋯ Monitoring is continued in the recovery room, where special attention is given to positioning, cushioning of pressure areas, dressing, analgesia, and specific physical rehabilitation exercises. With a "balanced regional technique," the patient becomes an early participant in his or her own postoperative care and result. This balanced technique reduces the patient's overall operative risk and maximizes the surgical result.
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Use of bupivacaine as block to relieve postoperative pain in pediatric orchiopexy and hernia repair.
Bupivacaine was utilized for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing orchiopexy and hernia repair. In a study of 75 pediatric patients, ranging in ages from twelve months to twelve years, who had undergone orchiopexy and hernia repair during a three-year period, 42 received bupivacaine hydrochloride as a local infiltration block anesthesia to relieve postoperative pain; 33 patients did not receive bupivacaine. Patients receiving bupivacaine had less postoperative pain and were more comfortable when leaving the hospital within a few hours after surgery.
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Neurol Neurochir Pol · May 1986
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Morphine epidural block in lumbosacral pain].
In 60 patients treated in hospital for discopathy the effectiveness of morphine epidural blockade was studied in the control of very strong pain. The patients were divided into 3 groups with 20 cases in each group. Group I received morphine 5 mg with 5 ml of 1% xylocaine. ⋯ After morphine blockades the mean duration of analgesia was 20 hours, and the addition of xylocaine had no effect on it. Following xylocaine blockade the mean time of analgesia was 9.8 hours, and after normal saline injection it was 8.0 hours. The sensory phenomena experienced after morphine by most patients suggest that morphine exerts not only a local but also a central effect, while the similarity of the effects of xylocaine and normal saline suggests an analgesic effect independent of conduction block after epidural injection of these substances.