Articles: nerve-block.
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Case Reports Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Comparison of the effectiveness of bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block and wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia after caesarean section.
We have studied the effects of bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block and wound infiltration with 0.5% bupivacaine on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in 62 patients undergoing Caesarean section under general anaesthesia. A control group received no local anaesthetic supplementation. Both ilioinguinal block and wound infiltration reduced significantly the pain scores and analgesic requirements in the immediate postoperative period (P < 0.05). The differences in pain scores and analgesic requirements between the study groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSciatic nerve block. A comparison of single versus double injection technique.
Two techniques, single versus double injection, for blocking the sciatic nerve via the classical (Labat) approach were prospectively evaluated for onset and efficacy of block in 50 adult patients undergoing lower extremity surgery. The tibial, common peroneal, and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves were evaluated at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 45 minutes after the initial injection of local anesthetic. Motor function was used to assess the block of the tibial and common peroneal nerves while pinprick response was used to assess block of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve. ⋯ The double injection technique for sciatic nerve block via the classical approach results in a more rapid onset and increased efficacy of block than that of the single injection technique.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialBrachial plexus block. A comparison of the supraclavicular lateral paravascular and axillary approaches.
Anesthesia of the brachial plexus has been associated with injuries to adjacent structures (e.g., pneumothorax, vascular penetration). It is not uncommon to have only partial block of the upper extremity, hindering completion of the surgical procedure. The supraclavicular lateral paravascular approach to brachial plexus anesthesia has been proposed as an effective, safe alternative to the traditional approaches to brachial plexus anesthesia. ⋯ The supraclavicular lateral paravascular approach is as effective as the axillary approach.
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Regional anesthesia · Jan 1994
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSensory, motor, and sympathetic block during epidural analgesia with 0.5% and 0.75% ropivacaine with and without epinephrine.
Ropivacaine is a new long-acting local anesthetic, with vasoconstrictive properties. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate sensory, motor, and sympathetic block following epidural anesthesia, and the influence of the addition of epinephrine. ⋯ Ropivacaine given epidurally provided adequate sensory anesthesia and motor block for transurethral surgery. Addition of epinephrine did not provide any significant prolongation of the sensory or motor block, nor any influence upon the sympathetic block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Retrobulbar block fails to prevent an increase in serum cortisol concentration on emergence from anaesthesia after cataract surgery.
We have studied 30 elderly patients undergoing cataract surgery, allocated randomly to receive general anesthesia, local anaesthesia by retrobulbar block or general anaesthesia combined with retrobulbar block given after induction. Retrobulbar block alone prevented the increases in circulating cortisol and glucose values which occurred in those patients receiving general anaesthesia alone. Retrobulbar block given after induction of general anaesthesia, however, suppressed the cortisol and glucose response during surgery, but did not prevent a marked increase in cortisol concentrations during the immediate postoperative period. The results suggest a hormonal response to emergence from anaesthesia which has hitherto been masked by the stress response to surgery itself.