Articles: intubation.
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The correct endotracheal tube size was assessed in 600 anesthetized infants and children. The correct tube size was determined by the airway pressure at which a gas leak around the endotracheal tube occurred, when the lungs were inflated with slowly increasing positive pressure. Endotracheal tube size correlated most with body length where the correlation coefficient was 0.973 (P less than 0.01), followed by body weight, tracheal size in X-ray photograph and age. But, there were four correct tube sizes for patients with the same body length.
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Oxygen saturation and cardiovascular changes during fibreoptic intubation under general anaesthesia.
Sixty patients who required fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation were studied. Arterial oxygen saturation, arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored continuously during fibreoptic intubation under deep halothane anaesthesia. ⋯ Almost one third of the patients (18 out of 60) suffered a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation below 90% during the intubation sequence and in five patients the saturation fell below 80%. The episodes of desaturation were not related to the induction-intubation time or to the grade of laryngeal visibility at direct laryngoscopy.
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Editorial Comment
Tracheal intubation in the cervical spine-injured patient.
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The Bullard laryngoscope is an anatomically shaped rigid fiber optic instrument designed for indirect laryngoscopy and intubation. It requires no neck extension nor flexion to perform laryngeal intubation. This characteristic is especially useful in the case of difficult airway. ⋯ The Endotrol tube itself has such a suitable shape for nasal intubation that it can be introduced to the larynx with little directional change. Therefore, our method is mastered with a shorter training period than the intubation method with fiber-optic laryngoscopes. In conclusion, our intubation method with the Bullard laryngoscopes using the directional tip tubes (Endotrol) is useful for patients with difficult airways, and is also nontraumatic and easy to perform.
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Anaesth Intensive Care · Feb 1992
Letter Case ReportsThe laryngeal mask for failed intubation at caesarean section.