Articles: intubation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of intravenous and oral clonidine on hemodynamic and plasma-catecholamine response due to endotracheal intubation.
To investigate the effects of intravenous (IV) versus oral clonidine on alterations of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), and plasma-catecholamines due to endotracheal intubation. ⋯ In conclusion, IV clonidine reduced stress response to endotracheal intubation compared with placebo. Oral clonidine at the dose used was less effective in blunting hemodynamic stress response than IV clonidine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rapid placement of transpyloric feeding tubes: a comparison of pH-assisted and standard insertion techniques in children.
To compare transpyloric feeding tube placement using a pH-assisted placement technique versus a standard placement technique in pediatric patients requiring enteral nutrition. ⋯ Our findings indicate that bedside transpyloric placement of pH-assisted feeding tubes can be accomplished rapidly and with a high success rate. This method is associated with decreased radiation exposure and economic savings when compared with a standard placement technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A new tracheal tube for difficult intubation.
We have compared a new Portex tracheal tube with the Oxford tube in performing simulated grade 3 difficult intubations. The Portex tube was modified so that the bevel faced backwards, as in the Oxford tube. A gum elastic introducer was used with both tubes. ⋯ Over the course of the study, intubation time decreased progressively (P < 0.001). This provides new evidence of the need for trainees to practise the art of intubation when the cords are not visible. Our estimate of the learning "half-life" was 15 intubations; we conclude that 30 simulated grade 3 intubations would be a reasonable objective for trainees before handling high-risk cases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of a prototype esophageal detection device.
To determine the ability of a prototype esophageal detection device (EDD) to identify esophageal misplacement of an endotracheal (ET) tube. ⋯ This prototype EDD is a useful method of identifying esophageal misplacement of an ET tube in anesthetized adult surgical patients.
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An uncuffed nasotracheal tube for use in minor maxillofacial surgery has been developed using polyurethane. The suitability of this tube as an alternative to the existing soft red rubber and harder polyvinyl chloride materials has been assessed at four centres during anaesthesia for routine oral surgery. The tube was found to be satisfactory.