Articles: adolescent.
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Review Case Reports
ALK-negative lung inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a young adult: A case report and literature review of molecular alterations.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that is prevalent among children and adolescents. Surgery is the most important therapeutic approach for IMT and complete resection is recommended. Although 50% of IMTs show anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements, crizotinib has proven an effective therapeutic approach. However, the genetic landscape of this tumor is still not fully understood and treatment options are limited, especially in the majority of ALK-negative tumors. ⋯ Although there is no standard of care for the treatment of IMT, identifying genomic alterations could help to redefine the management of patients with negative-ALK disease. Our review of the literature on IMT and other kinase fusions revealed, in addition to ALK rearrangements, the potential association of ROS1, NTRK, RET, or PDGFR beta alterations with the tumor.
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The prevention of mental disorders and promotion of mental health and well-being are growing fields. Whether mental health promotion and prevention interventions provide value for money in children, adolescents, adults, and older adults is unclear. The aim of the current study is to update 2 existing reviews of cost-effectiveness studies in this field in order to determine whether such interventions are cost-effective. ⋯ Our review found a significant growth of economic evaluations in prevention of mental disorders or promotion of mental health and well-being over the last 10 years. Although several interventions for mental health prevention and promotion provide good value for money, the varied quality as well as methodologies used in economic evaluations limit the generalisability of conclusions about cost-effectiveness. However, the finding that the majority of studies especially in children, adolescents, and adults demonstrated good value for money is promising. Research on cost-effectiveness in low-middle income settings is required.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2021
ReviewEffect of COVID-19 on Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents and Children: A Systematic Review.
The aim of the present systematic review was to assess and provide an up-to-date analysis of the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children and adolescents. Thus, an electronic search of the literature, in two well-known databases (PubMed and Web of Science), was performed until February 2021 (without date restriction). PRISMA guideline methodology was employed and data regarding the HRQoL were extracted from eligible studies. ⋯ Nevertheless, two articles did not find significant changes and another one did not report p-values. Regarding sex differences, only two studies analyzed this topic, observing no differences between girls and boys in the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HRQoL. Taking into account these results, this systematic review might confirm that COVID-19 has a negative impact on the HRQoL of children and/or adolescents.
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Due to a high prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among children and adolescents, it is significant to seek effective prevention and therapeutic procedures. One idea for the programmes is a potential relation between the occurrence of LBP and the level of physical activity. The aim of this review was to analyse the current knowledge regarding the association between physical activity and LBP among children and adolescents. ⋯ There is moderate evidence for the association between physical activity and LBP in children and adolescents. The results highlight the need for continued research. It seems that for clear evaluation of the analysed association the prospective cohort studies should be conducted.
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Adolescents represent a quarter of the world's population, yet their specific healthcare needs have often not been acknowledged. Whilst many operations in this population will be performed in specialist tertiary centres and children's hospitals, it is likely that care will be sought in a variety of healthcare settings, and so it is important to have an understanding of the particular approach to this age group. Paediatric and adolescent gynaecology emerged as a speciality in 2000 with the inauguration of the British Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology, a specialist society of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. ⋯ We will also discuss specialist situations which are likely to fall to an adolescent gynaecology setting, such as management of those with Mullerian abnormalities, which often present with pelvic pain in adolescence. We discuss those with a history of ritual female genital cutting (female genital mutilation), trans men and those with significant learning difficulties. In all circumstances, teamwork, reflection and pragmatism are key.