Articles: acute-pain.
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Ulus Travma Acil Cer · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialRandomized controlled trial of morphine in elderly patients with acute abdominal pain.
The objective of this study was to determine the clinically important change in diagnostic accuracy and physical examination in the morphine vs. placebo group. ⋯ Administration of opioid analgesia is safe and does not seem to impair clinical diagnostic accuracy in elderly patients with acute undifferentiated abdominal pain. Nevermore, opioids may change the physical examination findings such as abdominal rigidity.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Virtual reality for acute pain reduction in adolescents undergoing burn wound care: a prospective randomized controlled trial.
Effective pain management remains a challenge for adolescents during conscious burn wound care procedures. Virtual reality (VR) shows promise as a non-pharmacological adjunct in reducing pain. ⋯ Despite only minimal pain reduction achieved using off-the-shelf VR, other results from this trial and previous research on younger children with burns suggest a customized, adolescent and hospital friendly device may be more effective in pain reduction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Estimation of the contribution of norketamine to ketamine-induced acute pain relief and neurocognitive impairment in healthy volunteers.
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine is metabolized in the liver into its active metabolite norketamine. No human data are available on the relative contribution of norketamine to ketamine-induced analgesia and side effects. One approach to assess the ketamine and norketamine contributions is by measuring the ketamine effect at varying ketamine and norketamine plasma concentrations using the CYP450 inducer rifampicin. ⋯ This first observation that norketamine produces effects in the opposite direction of ketamine requires additional proof. It can explain the observation of ketamine-related excitatory phenomena (such as hyperalgesia and allodynia) upon the termination of ketamine infusions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Treatment of loin pain suspected to be renal colic with papaverine hydrochloride: a prospective double-blind randomised study.
• To assess the efficacy of papaverine hydrochloride combined with a diclofenac sodium suppository to relieve renal colic compared with diclofenac suppository monotherapy, as the effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on ureteric muscles might reduce the pain of renal colic. ⋯ • According to our results, i.v. papaverine hydrochloride plus a diclofenac suppository were more effective than the diclofenac suppository alone for treating acute renal colic. • Therefore, i.v. papaverine hydrochloride is a beneficial supplemental therapy to relieve renal colic pain, particularly combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Attention focus, trait anxiety and pain perception in patients undergoing colposcopy.
Few studies have compared the relative efficacy of attention-focus strategies in reducing clinical pain. Colposcopy, a medical diagnostic examination performed to identify premalignant cervical cell changes, elicits both anxiety and pain in patients, while allowing little or no behavioural control over the event. Employing a multi-group experimental design, the present study sought to investigate how different types of attention-focus strategies impacted upon pain perception, state anxiety and affect, in a sample of 123 colposcopy patients. ⋯ Pre-colposcopy pain expectancy, but not trait anxiety, was found to be positively related to colposcopy-related pain. It was further demonstrated that heightened state anxiety following colposcopy was due to experienced pain and pain unpleasantness, rather than to aspects of the pre-colposcopy prediction of pain. The results have implications for management of acute clinical pain.