Articles: function.
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Consciousness-altering anesthetic agents disturb connectivity between brain regions composing the resting-state consciousness networks (RSNs). The default mode network (DMn), executive control network, salience network (SALn), auditory network, sensorimotor network (SMn), and visual network sustain mentation. Ketamine modifies consciousness differently from other agents, producing psychedelic dreaming and no apparent interaction with the environment. The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore ketamine-induced changes in RSNs connectivity. ⋯ Ketamine induces specific changes in connectivity within and between RSNs. Breakdown of frontoparietal DMn connectivity and DMn anticorrelation and sensory and SMn connectivity preservation are common to ketamine and propofol-induced alterations of consciousness.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 2016
Protection of Brain Injury by Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Secreted Metabolites.
To define the features of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell secretome and its protective properties in experimental models of acute brain injury. ⋯ Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell-secreted factors protect the brain after acute injury. Importantly, a fraction rich in metabolites, and containing neither proteic nor ribonucleic molecules was protective. This study indicates the profiling of protective factors that could be useful in cell-free therapeutic approaches for acute brain injury.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Nov 2016
Serum S100β as a prognostic marker in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.
The serum concentration of S100β protein reportedly predicts outcomes after brain injury. We examined the prognostic accuracy of S100β in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. ⋯ Serum S100β concentration corresponds with the severity of neurological insult and predicts poor outcome in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyMetabolic Acidosis Assessment in High-Risk Surgeries: Prognostic Importance.
Metabolic acidosis frequently is present in surgical patients; however, different types of metabolic acidosis (hyperlactatemia, hyperchloremia, and others) may have different relationships to perioperative outcomes. We hypothesized that in postoperative surgical patients, distinctive types of metabolic acidosis would correlate differently with the outcomes of high-risk surgeries. ⋯ We found that among patients with different types of acidosis, patients who developed hyperlactatemic metabolic acidosis postoperatively showed greater rates of renal dysfunction within 7 days and hyperlactatemic acidosis represented an independent factor on 30-day mortality in high-risk surgical patients.