Articles: postoperative.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Apr 2023
Associations Between Systemic and Cerebral Inflammation in an Ovine Model of Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Intraoperative inflammation may contribute to postoperative neurocognitive disorders after cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). However, the relative contributions of general anesthesia (GA), surgical site injury, and CPB are unclear. ⋯ CPB enhanced the release of proinflammatory cytokines beyond that initiated by GA and surgical trauma. This systemic inflammation was associated with microglial activation across 3 major cerebral cortical regions, with a phagocytic microglia phenotype within the frontal cortex, and an inflammatory microglia phenotype within the parietal and temporal cortices. These data provide direct histopathological evidence of CPB-induced neuroinflammation in a large animal model and provide further mechanistic data on how CPB-induced cerebral inflammation might drive postoperative neurocognitive disorders in humans.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Ultrasound-guided transversalis fascia plane block versus lateral quadratus lumborum plane block for analgesia after inguinal herniotomy in children: a randomized controlled non-inferiority study.
Surgical repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most common day case surgeries in the pediatric population. This study compared the postoperative analgesic effects of transversalis fascia plane block (TFB) versus quadratus lumborum block (QLB) in children scheduled for open unilateral inguinal herniotomy. ⋯ Both TFB and QLB similarly provide good postoperative analgesia by reducing the proportion of patients who required rescue analgesia, pain scores and analgesic consumption. Moreover, TFB is technically easier than QLB.
-
Minerva anestesiologica · Mar 2023
Randomized Controlled TrialLow-intensity transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation reduces postoperative ileus after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial.
Postoperative ileus (POI) is thought to result from a disrupted sympathetic/parasympathetic balance caused by trauma or surgery. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) is a non-invasive technique involving stimulation of the vagal auricular branch, leading to autonomic regulation and reduced inflammation. Here, the effects of low-intensity transcutaneous auricular vagal stimulation on POI after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer were investigated. ⋯ Low-intensity transcutaneous auricular vagal stimulation reduced POI after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer.
-
Postoperative analgesic effects of systemic glucocorticoids given as an adjunct to treatment are largely undetermined in alloplastic procedures. ⋯ PROSPERO ID: CRD42019135034.