Articles: postoperative.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Sep 2015
Review[Intraoperative neuroprotection - influence of the anaesthesiological management].
Perioperative neurofunctional disorders may become clinically apparent as e.g. perioperative stroke (POS) or postoperative cognitive deficit (POCD). Newly diagnosed neuro-functional disorders are associated with worsening of postoperative outcome. Focus of this review article is on the possibilities of the intraoperative anaesthesiological management to favourably influence incidence and severity of neurological complications and to improve postoperative outcome.
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To describe the use and adverse effects of chloroprocaine for epidural analgesia in young infants for infusion durations greater than 3.5 hours. ⋯ Epidural 1% chloroprocaine, in doses of 0.4-3 mL/h (1.5-6.1 mg/kg per hour), was well tolerated in both mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing infants for up to 96 hours with no identified adverse effects or tachyphylaxis.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Sep 2015
ReviewRegional Anesthesia in Patients With Preexisting Neurologic Disease.
Since publication of initial recommendations in 2008, there is limited new information regarding the performance of regional anesthesia in patients with preexisting neurologic diseases. However, the strength of evidence has increased since 2008 regarding (1) the concern that diabetic nerves are more sensitive to local anesthetics and perhaps more susceptible to injury and (2) the concern that performing neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia in patients with preexisting spinal canal pathology may increase the risk of new or worsening neurologic symptoms. This increased evidence reinforces our initial recommendations. In addition, since the initial recommendations in 2008, the concept of postsurgical inflammatory neuropathy has been described and is potentially a contributor to postoperative neurologic dysfunction.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Sep 2015
ReviewPreoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium following hip fracture repair: a systematic review.
Systematically identify preoperative clinical risk factors for incident postoperative delirium in individuals undergoing hip fracture repair in order to guide clinicians in identifying high risk patients at admission. ⋯ In our systematic review, cognitive impairment was one of the strongest preoperative risk factors for postoperative delirium after hip fracture surgery. Preoperative cognitive assessment may be one of the most useful methods of identifying those who are at high risk for postoperative delirium and prioritizing delivery of delirium prevention measures.