Articles: postoperative-complications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prophylactic Penehyclidine Inhalation for Prevention of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in High-risk Patients: A Double-blind Randomized Trial.
Postoperative pulmonary complications are common. Aging and respiratory disease provoke airway hyperresponsiveness, high-risk surgery induces diaphragmatic dysfunction, and general anesthesia contributes to atelectasis and peripheral airway injury. This study therefore tested the hypothesis that inhalation of penehyclidine, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, reduces the incidence of pulmonary complications in high-risk patients over the initial 30 postoperative days. ⋯ In high-risk patients having major upper-abdominal or noncardiac thoracic surgery, prophylactic penehyclidine inhalation reduced the incidence of pulmonary complications without provoking complications.
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J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. · Apr 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialNitric oxide delivery during cardiopulmonary bypass reduces acute kidney injury: A randomized trial.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitric oxide (NO) supplementation to the CPB circuit on the development of cardiac surgery-associated AKI. ⋯ NO administration in patients at moderate risk of renal complications undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB was associated with a lower incidence of AKI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Relationship between intraoperative dopamine infusion and postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing open abdominal aorta aneurysm repair.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing open abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Dopamine has been frequently used in these patients to prevent AKI. We aimed to clarify the relationship between intraoperative dopamine infusion and postoperative AKI in patients undergoing open AAA repair. ⋯ Intraoperative dopamine infusion was associated with more frequent postoperative AKI, postoperative RRT, and longer hospital length of stay in patients undergoing AAA repair, when compared to norepinephrine. Further prospective randomized clinical trial may be necessary for this topic.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Hyperoxia and Antioxidants for Myocardial Injury in Noncardiac Surgery: A 2 × 2 Factorial, Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.
Hyperoxia and oxidative stress may be associated with increased risk of myocardial injury. The authors hypothesized that a perioperative inspiratory oxygen fraction of 0.80 versus 0.30 would increase the degree of myocardial injury within the first 3 days of surgery, and that an antioxidant intervention would reduce degree of myocardial injury versus placebo. ⋯ Perioperative interventions with high inspiratory oxygen fraction and antioxidants did not change the degree of myocardial injury within the first 3 days of surgery. This implies safety with 80% oxygen and no cardiovascular benefits of vitamin C and N-acetylcysteine in major noncardiac surgery.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2022
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of a Nasal Mask and Traditional Nasal Cannula During Intravenous Anesthesia for Gastroscopy Procedures: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Hypoxemia can occur during gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate whether oxygenation using a nasal mask can reduce the incidence of hypoxemia during gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia compared with a traditional nasal cannula. ⋯ Nasal mask oxygenation reduced the incidence of hypoxemia during anesthesia for gastroscopy under intravenous anesthesia.