Articles: outcome.
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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with the prevalence of the disease continually rising. Therefore, identifying disease-modifying risk factors is critical, with increasing recognition of the impact of sleep quality/sleep disorders. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on the role of five domains of sleep on lung cancer incidence and progression: (i) sleep quality/duration, (ii) sleep disordered breathing, (iii) circadian rhythm disturbances, (iv) sleep-related movement disorders and (v) personal, environmental and social factors that modulate each of these associations. ⋯ We also summarized potential treatments addressing impaired sleep quality/sleep disorders and their ability to attenuate the risk of lung cancer and cancer survival. While evidence on reversibility is inconsistent, there are trends toward positive outcomes. Future research should focus on clinical trials to confirm cause and effect relationships, large epidemiologic studies for incidence/prognosis, clarification on the relative efficacy of treatment modalities, and more in vivo animal models to establish the molecular mechanisms underlying these relationships.
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The knowledge about the management of patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) during pregnancy is limited, owing partly to insufficient evidence about the outcomes of newborns. This study aims to explore symptomatic AVMs and their outcomes during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period. ⋯ Most mothers in the study had prior pregnancies, suggesting a potentially weaker association between AVM rupture and pregnancy compared to previous reports. Notably, 2 AVM ruptures occurred during spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Outcomes were generally favorable in both mothers and infants. More research is needed to refine our understanding of the optimal timing for invasive treatment during pregnancy.